Describe how a temperate/lysogenic phage can contribute to disease, and give one example

Catalase testing is one of several tests used to detect presence of an electron transport chain in a cell. Catalase is made by a cell to detoxify H₂O₂. How does presence of H₂O₂ relate to the presence of an electron transport chain?

Succinyl-CoA inhibits both citrate synthase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. How is succinyl-CoA able to inhibit both enzymes?

Listen to the interview with Richard Rothstein on the National Public Radio Fresh Air segment. Then answer the following questions regarding the content of the interview.

1. What are some ways that government policies instituted in the early to middle 20th century impacted the demographics of housing?

2. Discuss ways that these policies may play a role in susceptibility to disease to COVID-19 infection?

QUESTION 14

1. 445 moles of NADH are produced by the Citric Acid Cycle (CAC). How many moles of glucose needed to be broken down during glycolysis in order to produce enough pyruvate for the CAC to produce this many moles of NADH?

   Note: Brock, a Biology of Microorganisms considers the synthesis of Acetyl-CoA to be part of the Citric Acid Cycle. This is different than what you may have learned in BIOL-151 where the Morris Book considers Acetyl Co-A Synthesis a seperate step. See page 89 of Brock for full details.

   Round your answer to one decimal place.

QUESTION 15

1. If 82 moles of ATP are produced by glycolysis, how many moles of glucose were broken down?

   For every molecule of glucose broken down, 2 molecules of ATP are generated.

QUESTION 16

1. NADH and FADH are produced by the Citric Acid Cycle (CAC) and these electron shuttles go on to the Electron Transport Chain (ETC). A mole of NADH will produce 3 moles of ATP from the ETC. A mole of FADH₂ will produce 2 moles of ATP from the electron transport chain. A single mole of pyruvate will produce 4 moles of NADH and 1 mole of FADH2 from the CAC. Therefore, every  14 moles of ATP came from 1 mole of pyruvate.

   Given:

   The ETC produced 78 moles of ATP from the products of the CAC.

   Find:

   How many moles of pyruvate entered the CAC?

   Note: Brock, a Biology of Microorganisms considers the synthesis of Acetyl CoA from Pyruvate to be part of the Citric Acid Cycle. This is different than what you may have learned in BIOL-151 where the Morris Book considers Acetyl Co-A Synthesis a separate step. See page 89 of Brock for full details.

   Round your answer to one decimal place.

1. Write the difference between a prokaryotic and a Eukaryotic cell based on the following criteria:


Criteria    Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic Cell

Examples    ---------------------- -------------------
Nucleus -------------------- ---------------------

DNA / Chromosome ----------- -------------------------
  
Membrane enclosed cell organelles -----------------    ------------------
  
Endomembrane system --------------- -------------------

2.  Compare Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial cell wall based on the following Criteria:
Criteria    Gram (+) Cell Wall Gram (-) Cell wall
Peptidoglycan content ------------- -------------------
Teichoic acid    --------------------------- --------------------------
Lipid rich outer membrane -----------------    -----------------------------
Gram stain ----------------------------    ----------------------------------

3. . Write the differences between Passive Transport and active transport.
   Passive Transport Active Transport
Does it need ATP? ---------------------------    -----------------------------------
What is the direction of transport ( driving force)? --------------------------    ------------------------------
  
Transport through phospholipid/ protein / both    ----------------------------    -----------------------------------------
  
Examples    ------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------

• How can we test the origin of life hypothesis “the Spontaneous Abiotic Origin”?

which of the primate traits do you think that you could live without and why? How would you psychologically and behaviorally compensate for the loss of this trait?

Your response should be at least one page ( I will give best ratings)

AA DD individuals were crossed to aa dd individuals. The F1 generation was then testcrossed to aa dd individuals. The resulting individuals had the following genotypes: 903 individuals with the genotype Aa Dd, 897 individuals with the genotype aa dd, 98 individuals with the genotype Aa dd, 102 individuals with the genotype aa Dd.

1. Are the genes (A and D) on the same chromosome or different chromosomes? (Calculate the expected number of progeny if they were on different chromosomes and compare.)

A. Same chromosomes

B. Different chromosomes

C. Can't be determined

2. If A and D are on the same chromosome, how far apart are they in Map Units. (Answer in a number - without units, if they are not on the same chromosome, answer 0).

what is the primary metabolite guaifenesin is metabolized by O-demethylase?

Match each term below with its definition:

What are blended inheritance theory and one parent inheritance theory state? How were these theories disproved by mendel? explain

Biochemical Tests crossword puzzle:

Across

5 Anaerobic metabolism
6 Crusty growth on broth
8 Cloudy growth in broth
10 Smooth growth on slant
11 Another name for glucose
13 Hydrolyzed collagen
15 Possible sole carbon source
16 Bacterial movement
17 Test use of milk nutrients (2wds)
20 Hydrolyzes starch
22 Bacteria settled to bottom of broth
23 Milk sugar
27 Test for acetoin
28 Produces clear zones in skim milk agar
29 pH indicator in sugar fermentation tubes (2wds)

Down

1 Produced from tryptophan 2 Group of 4 tests
3 Red when acidic (2wds)
4 Turns SIM black
7 Catalysts secreted by the cell
9 Inverted tube to trap gas
12 Tests for lipase
14 Common liquid medium (2wds)
16 Sticky surface growth on broth
18 Breaking macromolecules with addition of water 19 Snowy appearance in broth culture
21 E. coli produces this from glucose (3wds)
24 Spiky growth on slant
25 Breaks down hydrogen peroxide
26 Product of amino acid degradation

Define and discuss neo-evolution and the idea of homo evolutis. Take a position regarding the future of human evolution: evolutionary equipoise, traditional biological evolution or neo-evolution and defend it rationally and with reference to evidence..