Pick any organism (other than humans and domesticated animals) that you are familiar with. It may be a plant, insect, animal or bacteria. Carefully think about the organism’s environment. Think about the organism’s life cycle and day to day life. Write a story about your organism’s life. What kind of competition does your organism experience? How is your organism uniquely adapted to compete? What other ways could your organism adapt to become more fit?  

You must include any five of the following concepts in your story

• natural selection
• artificial selection
• extinction
• adaptation
• survival of the fittest
• niche
• mimicry
• speciation
• phylogeny

How does electrochemical biosensor work at a molecular level? How much sample does an electrochemical biosensor need? What kind of electrode can be used ( does not need to be biocompatible)? If I want to design a wireless biosensor, what should the biosensor include so that the signal will transfer to phone app and computer?

• Describe the ecological, economic, and social challenges that can arise when considering a species reintroduction. Note that “social” in this context refers to human societies. The term “ecological” should be used to refer to intra-species or inter-species interactions that don’t include humans.

which is a correct example of energy coupling using ATP? Please choose the correct answer

A. The electron transport chain uses ATP to pump protons against their electrochemical gradient.

B. Hydrolyzing ATP to drive an anabolic reaction.

C. Substrate level phosphorylation makes ATP.

D. In photosynthesis, light energy is trapped into an ATP molecule.

Identify a disease that disrupts cellular respiration. How is caused, what are the symptoms, and how is it treated. limit to 1 paragraph

• 1) How does the microbiome act as a physical and chemical barrier of the innate immune system?
• 2) How do NK cells recognize cells for destruction?
• 4) What is the difference between an antigen and a PAMP?
• 5) What are the similarities and differences between T-cell receptors (TCRs) and antibodies?
• 6) Early research suggests that the COVID-19 virus causes a cytokine storm in more severe cases. In general terms, how is a cytokine storm triggered?

In glycolysis two ATPs are generated at two different steps in stage two. The creation of ATP from ADP has a free energy change of +30.5 kJ/mol. Explain how this energy barrier is overcome for the metabolic process to proceed through these two steps?

(history) The U.S. in the Caribbean Please answer the following short-answer questions. Your answers should be paragraph-length (between 100 to 200 words)

1) How did the United States obtain control of the Panama Canal? What were the characteristics of the construction of the Canal under the U.S., when did the Canal open and what is its significance?

2) How would you characterize the relationship between the U.S. and so-called “Banana Republics”?

1. Describe how the rough endoplasmic reticulum is different from smooth endoplasmic reticulum.Structurally or Functionally

16. Why does FADH2 provide energy for 1.5 ATP molecules in the ETC, whereas NADH provides energy for 2.5 ATP molecules? ( Show calculations. )






17. How does each of the following regulate the CAC:

       a/ high levels of NADH
     
      
       b/ high levels of ATP
     
      
       c/ high levels of ADP

      
       d/ low levels of NADH




18. Where is ATP synthase for oxidative phosphorylation located in the cell?




19. Why do H+ leave the intermembrane space and return to the matrix of the mitochondrion?





20. Why do the enzyme complexes that pump H+ extend across the mitochondrial membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space?

Stubble bristles (Sb) is dominant to wildtype bristles (Sb⁺) in Drosophila melanogaster. In a population where there are 137 flies with wildtype bristles and 836 flies with stubble bristles, what are the allele frequencies for the Sb and Sb⁺ alleles (assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium)? Please calculated your answers to 3 decimal places.

f(Sb)=

f(Sb⁺)=

If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what proportion of the population would you expect to be heterozygous?

Discuss the Ardipithecus ramidus fossil and its implications for understanding human evolution in 300 words

Using affinity chromatography, you have attempted to purify an enzyme as a fusion protein that was expressed in E. coli. SDS-PAGE analysis shows that the eluted sample contains the enzyme and it appears to be very pure.

Briefly describe, in general terms, a method you could use to determine the concentration of the enzyme in the eluted sample. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of your approach.