Question

Chemical potential energy vs. kinetic energy

            Know the difference between these two energy types.

Energy Transformation

            Relate and define

Laws of Thermodynamics

            What are the two laws of thermodynamics?

Endergonic Reactions- define

Exergonic reactions – define

Enzymes

            What are they?

            How do they work?

What is activation energy?

            What is an active site?

            How do you denature an enzyme?

Cellular Respiration Review

Cellular respiration and energy conversion

            What does cellular respiration do in relation to energy conversion?

           

Oxidation-Reduction reaction (redox reactions)

            What is a redox reaction?

Answer 1

Difference between Chemical potential energy vs. kinetic energy

Potential energy can be stored in an object such as bonds between atoms, molecules but kinetic energy can not be stored, it is used to do work. Kinetic energy is the energy in motion.

Energy Transformation is the process in which one energy can be converted to other kind of energy. For example an electric fan convert electric energy into kinetic energy.

First Law of Thermodynamics- Energy can be changed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed. The total amount of energy and matter in the Universe remains constant, merely changing from one form to another.

Second Law of Thermodynamics- The total entropy of an isolated system can never decreased over time and is constant if and only if all processes are reversible.

Exergonic reaction- The reactants are at the higher free energy level than the products and losses energy in the process. For example cellular respiration.

Endergonic reaction- The reactants are at the lower free energy level than the products and requires energy to driven the reaction. For example melting of ice into liquid.

Enzymes are protein product that speed up the rate of reaction and after the reaction enzyme itself remain unaltered.

Enzyme work by binding to the reactant molecules and lower the activation energy level and speed up the rate of reaction. Enzyme helps in chemical bond breaking and formation.

Active site is where enzyme is bound with its substrate.

When enzyme is bound to its substrate, activation energy become lower. Enzyme substrate complex help in bending of the substrate and easily break the chemical bond between the molecules. In this way enzyme lower the activation energy.

By cellular respiration energy is converted into ATP. Here energy of food is converted into energy that can be used by cells. Through cellular respiration energy of glucose and oxygen is converted into carbon dioxide and water.

Redox reaction is reaction where oxidation state of atoms are changed and where both oxidation and reduction takes place. In this reaction electrons are transfered between reactants participating in the reaction.