The primary role citric acid cycle is to collect high energy electrons from the oxidation of carbons in the form of NADH and FADH2. If the electron transport chain is inhibited, would you expect the citric acid cycle to be more active or less active? Explain your answer.

Please, I need a unique answer, use your own words (don't copy and paste, no handwritten notes)

give me an the biosynthesis and chemical structure of (Dexamethasone & COVID-19)

Question 1: Consider a biallelic locus in an annual plant population. You observe the allele frequencies of allele A and allele T are equal to 0.4 and 0.6 in 2010, respectively.

A) Calculate the heterozygosity (H) of this locus in 2010, assuming the population mating is at random.

B) What is the expected frequency of allele A in 2020?

C) If the effective population size of this population is equal to 1,000, what is the expected heterozygosity of this locus in 2020?

D) If the effective population size is equal to 10 instead, what is the expected heterozygosity in 2020?

E) Based on your calculation, explain why genetic diversity is typically very low in endangered species.

Question 2: The observed heterozygosity (H) of a microsatellite is equal to 0.2% in a diploid population, and the mutation rate (per generation) at this microsatellite locus is equal to 2 x 10^-8.

A) Estimate the effective population size of this population.

B) The census population size of this population is 10⁶. Name two distinct processes that can contribute to the mismatch between the census population size and the effective population size.

Question 3: Suppose there are two annual plant species (A and B). Species A lives in a stable environment and has a constant census population size of 1,000. Species B lives in an unstable environment alternating between dry and wet years. Species B’s census population size is 200 in dry years and 1,800 in wet years. The frequencies of the dry and wet years are equal.

A) What is the effective population size of species A?

B) What is the effective population size of species B?

C) Assume the two species are similar in genome size and mutation rate, which species do you expect to have a higher level of heterozygosity? Why?

Question 4: Suppose a population has an effective population size of 50. In one generation, the average heterozygosity (averaged across loci) is reduced from 0.5 to 0.42. Is the population mating at random? Why?

Question 5: What is the effective population size in a population in which each breeding male controls a harem of 10 females, and the total population consists of 400 males and 400 females?

At what substrate concentration would an enzyme with Km of 5mM operate at one-quarter its maximum rate? Give your answer in units of mM to 1 decimal place.

Pick any organism (other than humans and domesticated animals) that you are familiar with. It may be a plant, insect, animal or bacteria. Carefully think about the organism’s environment. Think about the organism’s life cycle and day to day life. Write a story about your organism’s life. What kind of competition does your organism experience? How is your organism uniquely adapted to compete? What other ways could your organism adapt to become more fit?  

You must include any five of the following concepts in your story

• natural selection
• artificial selection
• extinction
• adaptation
• survival of the fittest
• niche
• mimicry
• speciation
• phylogeny

How does electrochemical biosensor work at a molecular level? How much sample does an electrochemical biosensor need? What kind of electrode can be used ( does not need to be biocompatible)? If I want to design a wireless biosensor, what should the biosensor include so that the signal will transfer to phone app and computer?

• Describe the ecological, economic, and social challenges that can arise when considering a species reintroduction. Note that “social” in this context refers to human societies. The term “ecological” should be used to refer to intra-species or inter-species interactions that don’t include humans.

which is a correct example of energy coupling using ATP? Please choose the correct answer

A. The electron transport chain uses ATP to pump protons against their electrochemical gradient.

B. Hydrolyzing ATP to drive an anabolic reaction.

C. Substrate level phosphorylation makes ATP.

D. In photosynthesis, light energy is trapped into an ATP molecule.

Identify a disease that disrupts cellular respiration. How is caused, what are the symptoms, and how is it treated. limit to 1 paragraph

• 1) How does the microbiome act as a physical and chemical barrier of the innate immune system?
• 2) How do NK cells recognize cells for destruction?
• 4) What is the difference between an antigen and a PAMP?
• 5) What are the similarities and differences between T-cell receptors (TCRs) and antibodies?
• 6) Early research suggests that the COVID-19 virus causes a cytokine storm in more severe cases. In general terms, how is a cytokine storm triggered?

In glycolysis two ATPs are generated at two different steps in stage two. The creation of ATP from ADP has a free energy change of +30.5 kJ/mol. Explain how this energy barrier is overcome for the metabolic process to proceed through these two steps?

(history) The U.S. in the Caribbean Please answer the following short-answer questions. Your answers should be paragraph-length (between 100 to 200 words)

1) How did the United States obtain control of the Panama Canal? What were the characteristics of the construction of the Canal under the U.S., when did the Canal open and what is its significance?

2) How would you characterize the relationship between the U.S. and so-called “Banana Republics”?