M3 Discussion: The Respiratory System

This is something of a different type of discussion. Discuss in 1-2 short paragraphs 2 of the most informative pieces of information you learned in this chapter. You can discuss one of the homeostatic imbalances, a fundamental principle of respiratory capacities, gas exchange, etc, anything that was presented in the chapter you particuarly are interested in.

What structure prevents backflow of blood within the heart? Name all four of them.

Answer all of these following questions below with a total response that should be 300-500 words.

The following questions should be answered about the : Amygdala

1. Where is the area or structure located?
2. What are its major functions?
3. What techniques are used to view or measure it?
4. What happens when it is damaged?
5. What other structures is it near?
6. What other structures help or perform similar functions?

Read the Haas and Whited (2017) review paper on limb regeneration and answer one of the three following questions. A good answer to this question might require you to look up papers cited in this review. You can search for articles on scholar.google.com, and a great number can be downloaded on campus. If you do use another paper, please provide a citation.

   1. Describe what you feel is the critical step in the morphological development of the regenerated limb. Why is it the critical one?
   2. Choose one of the genes mentioned and explain what it does to aid in limb regeneration.
   3. Choose one of the techniques used to determine candidate genes and describe how it works and why it is useful. Choices are RNASeq, Transcriptomics, Expressed Sequence Tags/Microarray.

Answer each part in 3-5 sentences.

In your summary you should address the following questions:

What is simple diffusion?

What factors determine the amount of solute that can diffuse across a cell membrane?

How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?

What is active transport and how does it differ from diffusion?

What are the characteristics of active transport?

What are the two types of active transport?

Describe the hubs and spokes model of semantic memory. Why are lesions in the premotor/motor cortices more likely to produce categorical deficits for tools than animals? Why do lesions in the anterior temporal lobe produce deficits for a wider range of concepts?

What are the advantages of including alternative proteins in meals? What are the disadvantages for young children?

There are relatively few neurons in the brain. How would you describe the other cells in the brain? Thinking back to the days you studied tissues, if you had to classify glia or neuroglia cells as tissue other than nerve tissue, how would you classify them? Justify your answer.

A friend approaches you about a nutritional product and ask you if it is worth it. He shows you a HGH cream called Somaderm that is a homeopathic human growth hormone, meant to penetrate the skin and reduce wrinkles, improve sleep, experience vivid dreams, promote muscle and bone growth, and reduce fat.

Use: concentration gradients, diffusion, active or passive transport, layers of the skin, what substances can or cannot pass through the skin and why.. to explain if the supplement is beneficial or if it is a scam.

Discuss how Nightingale used the three basic types of epidemiological investigation. The contagious diseases were primarily cholera and typhus; how are these diseases transmitted and prevented?

Explain the RAAS by listing (and briefly describing) several steps that occur in this process. What is the final outcome? What do ACE Inhibitors do?

Select a topic from below and write a 250 word (1/2 pg single-spaced, 1pg double-spaced) answer discussing it.

1. The Spinal Column (NOT spinal cord) & related movements
2. The Thorax & related movements
3. The Upper Extremities & ROM
4. The Anatomy of the Hip joint & ROM
5. The Anatomy of the Knee joint & ROM
6. The Anatomy of the Ankle joint & ROM

Include details about the bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments in the anatomy portion of the essay.

To the right is a liposome - a hollow sphere made up of a lipid bilayer (like a cell) but without any membrane proteins. Of the listed molecules, which, if any, would you expect would be able to freely move (diffuse) across the membrane (based on their size and polarity)? Choose ALL that would cross.

a) chloride ion (small, polar)

b) fatty acid (medium, nonpolar)

c) glucose (medium, polar)

d) nitric oxide (small, nonpolar)

e) sodium ion (small, polar)