In this journal you are asked to take the role of a mayor or congressional representative with a mandate to reduce energy consumption. You should describe ways in which government policy can encourage people to reduce energy consumption. Examples might include improving public transportation, instituting a tax , or providing a subsidy. For example. the city might build a subway system or institute a carpooling initiative. You should describe the feasibility of the initiative.

According to Kaplan, why does nature have its restorative effect on people? Explain both how our attention normally operates and what nature does to improve the situation. Kaplan believes that restorative environments share three characteristics. Name and define these three characteristics and discuss why nature satisfies each. In what ways does Kaplan explain the negative effects of threatening or obnoxious environmental stressors?

The solute HCl(A) is diffusing through a 2-mm thick film of water (B) at 283 K. The concentration of HClat point 1 at one boundary of the film is 12 wt% HCl(density r1=1060 kg/m3), and at the other boundary at point 2 it is 6 wt% HCl(r2=1030.3 kg/m3.) Take diffusion coefficient of HClin H2O as 2.5e-9 m2/s, assume steady state and one boundary impermeable to water. Calculate the flux of HCl ( in mol/m^2*s)

The production of yogurts is carried out by adding a specific strain of bacteria to pasteurised milk. The bacteria consumes lactose in the milk to produce lactic acid. Assume the fermentation reaction can be simplified by the following reaction:

Lactose (A) + bacteria cells (C) à more bacteria cells (C) + lactic acid (R)

The data below shows the concentration of lactose from a 2 L mixed flow reactor at 40 ^oC.

Table 1: Experimental data for lactic acid fermentation

1. Show that the data fits substrate limited Monod Kinetics. Find the k and C_M values. Show your plot to obtain the kinetics values.
2. What is the highest rate of reaction of A (-r_A) when C_A0 = 4 mg/L, C_C0= 0 and C/A = 3.
3. Determine the concentration of cell C_C that can be produced using

a 100 L mixed flow reactor (MFR) operating at optimum condition for an inlet flowrate of 5 L/min. Sketch your reactor scheme (i.e. show whether there is a need to by pass and by how much)

the Pacific coastlines of Washington and Oregon is characterized by frequent precipitation and lush vegetation while the eastern halves of the two states exhibit dry conditions with sparse vegetation. Why is this

Read the proposed theories for the origins of bipedalism presented below. Select one theory that you find compelling and present two points of data in support of this theory. Select a second theory that you find improbable and present at least one point of data to counter this theory. Any information that you pull from a website you must cite (by including the web address next to the fact). Present your argument in essay format, using complete sentences. Do not simply copy and paste from other sources. Your total response should be no longer than 300 words in length.

ORIGINS OF BIPEDALISM

Why do we walk on two legs? If you asked a roomful of anthropologists, you'd likely not get the same answer from any two of them. Specialists cite everything from changing landscapes to needing to keep cool to heightening sexual attraction as probable causes of our upright stance, generally agreeing only on one point: everyone else's hypothesis is wrong. Think about the anatomical changes that accompanied bipedalism in light of the following theories. Do the theories hold up to inspection?

01 Hauling Food

As the African landscape shifted gradually from dense forests toward large patches of savannah, early hominids found their food supplies waning, leading them to descend from the trees and become ground-dwellers. Because these early human ancestors could no longer feed where they lived, they were forced to begin carrying large amounts of sustenance over long distances back to their home bases—a tricky task had they remained quadrupeds. While some anthropologists contend that early hominids gathered fruits and nuts, a few argue that they were scavengers, stealing predators' kills. An upright stance would have enabled our ancestors to lug carcasses to safer areas for consumption, while also allowing them to see other food sources or potential danger at greater distances.

02 A New World

Many anthropologists hypothesize that our ancestors developed an upright posture in order to carry food over long distances, but others believe they stood up merely to find it. As early hominids left the comfort of the forest to explore the savannah, they no longer needed a body structure suitable for climbing. Those who could walk upon two feet were better able to survive because they expended less energy and could travel longer distances than knuckle-walkers; they were also better able to see potential dangers lurking in the distance. Other anthropologists have suggested further environmental factors that might have helped urge our ancestors to stand upright, such as the cold and wet ground conditions that today lead chimpanzees to become temporary bipeds until they reach dry land.

03 Attracting Mates

Anthropologist C. Owen Lovejoy stirred controversy in 1981 when he attributed sex— specifically males' desire to get more of it—as a direct reason for why we walk upright. According to Lovejoy's behavioral model, males who could walk bipedally freed their arms to carry more food than their quadruped counterparts could hold, thus making the knucklewalkers seem far less appealing to females. In this model, the upright males were simply better breadwinners. Their ability to ration more food for females (who remained at the home base to care for the offspring) ensured that they were able to reproduce, thus leading to future generations of adept bipeds who in turn were able to pass on their own genes.

04 Grabbing a Bite

Some anthropologists argue that early hominids could not have become ground-dwellers and bipeds in a single evolutionary step, as many hypotheses imply. Instead, they contend, the ability to walk upright was in part a serendipitous by-product of new feeding habits. As our ancestors descended from the trees to forage on the ground for low-hanging fruits and berries, they began to feed from a squatting position. Over time, physiological changes occurred in their upper bodies, backbones, and pelvic areas, causing their weight and centers of balance to shift to a lower point in the body. This gave the hominids a steadier stance as well as the ability to stand upright with greater ease than their quadruped cousins. When our ancestors developed the need to reach higher and stand, these new physical traits came in handy—just as evolving a long neck proved favorable for the giraffe.

05 Keeping Cool

Walking on two feet did more than help early hominids conserve energy, as some hypotheses suggest—it also protected them from overheating. According to evolutionary biologist Peter Wheeler, early bipeds were generally exposed to less direct sunlight on the savannah than quadrupeds of the same size. In fact, when the sun shone directly overhead, the heat load upon a hominid on two feet would have been 60 percent less than that upon a knuckle-walker. Additionally, bipedalism raised hominids' bodies above the ground, enabling their skin to come in better contact with cooler and faster-moving breezes. This allowed for further heat dissipation through convection, and, says Wheeler, it meant that biped hominids needed to consume only about three pints of water per day, whereas quadrupeds needed five.

06 Aquatic Apes

Although most paleoanthropologists, despite their many differences, tend to agree that our ancestors became bipeds on dry land, a few suggest an alternate possibility. Aquatic Ape Theory, posed by marine biologist Alister Hardy in the 1930s, postulates that several human traits, from relatively minimal body hair to the ability to sweat moisture and salt, can be explained only through the idea that early hominids once lived in semi-aquatic environments. The hypothesis claims that our ancestors had to wade regularly through shallow lake- or riverside waters in order to reach shellfish, aquatic plants, and other potential food sources. With their heavy upper bodies, quadrupeds would have had a more difficult time adjusting to walking upright on the savannah than in buoyant water.

07 Weapons and Tools

Some of the oldest and most popular suggestions for why we developed into bipeds state that our upright posture relates directly to our need to use weapons and tools. While some researchers hypothesize that it was bipedalism that brought forth our ability to use these primitive devices, others believe the reverse—that the advent of tool and weapon use encouraged us to become bipedal. Charles Darwin, for one, felt that early hominids would have been "better able to defend themselves with stones or clubs, to attack their prey, or to otherwise obtain food" if they stood, walked, and ran erect, whereas quadrupeds of the same size would not have been able to exert the same force from a sitting or squatting position.

The following analysis of fuel by volume as per cent: H₂=50.4, CO=17, Ch₄=20, .C₄H₈=2, O₂=0.4, N₂=6.2, CO₂=4

(1)Product of CO₂% for dry analysis if 30% excess air

(2)Product of N₂% for dry analysis * if
30% excess air

(3)Product of O₂% for dry analysis * if 30%
excess air

(4)Product of H₂O% for wet analysis if 30% excess air

(5)The Stoichiometric A/F ratio by *
volume is

(6)Product of N₂% for wet analysis * if
30% excess air

(7)Product of O₂% for wet analysis * if 30% excess air

(8)Product of CO₂% for wet analysis if 30% excess air

Explain how the differing ages of rocks on the ocean's floor supports the theory of plate tectonics. In your answer, be sure to address the topics below.

A. Changes in the earth's magnetic field

B. Patterns of polarity in the seafloor

C. The thickness of sediments and the age of fossils in the seafloor

D. How this data supports the idea of seafloor spreading

Q43.

Enzymes are powerful catalysts, but are they affected by any factors? How would you study the rate of reaction (enzyme kinetics) in specific terms? What would you recommend to slow down the velocity of the enzymatic reaction in the presence of high concentration of substrate? In what way the reaction rate affected?

What are Malala's leadership qualities?

Folds are possible at which of the following 5 plate boundaries? More than one answer is possible!

Group of answer choices

A. C-C Divergent

B.O-C Convergent

C. O-O Transform

D. O-O convergent

E. C-C Convergent

The death rate per 100,000 for lung cancer is 7 among non-smokers and 71 among smokers. The death rate per 100,000 for coronary thrombosis is 422 among non-smokers and 599 among smokers. The prevalence of smoking in the population is 55%. Among smokers, the etiologic fraction of disease due to smoking is:

A.

cannot be determined from the information provided.

B.

0.90 for lung cancer and 0.88 for coronary thrombosis.

C.

0.90 for lung cancer and 0.29 for coronary thrombosis.

D.

0.89 for lung cancer and 0.88 for coronary thrombosis.

E.

0.89 for lung cancer and 0.29 for coronary thrombosis.

CO(g)+H20(g) <---> CO2(g)+H2(g) delta h =-9

Use le chateliers principal to predict the effects on the equilibrium

CO2 added

Temp increased

Pressure increased

Catalyst removed

H2o removed

what is the difference between selenderness ratio in horizontal and vertical separator ?

Discuss with the aid of diagrams any three (3) particle size reduction equipment?