1. Which organism is easier to grow in the laboratory, E. coli, or Neisseriae gonorrhea?

2. Describe the growth of E. coli in (on) soft agar.

Explain why any functional impairment of PDC, TCA cycle and ETC/oxidative phosphorylation can cause lactic acidosis.

Using Pasteur's experiment as a model, describe the essential features of good experimental design and identify those features in Pasteur's experiment.

1. Based on the hormones we have discussed in class, create a list of hormones that play a role in the following areas: increased CHO utilization, increased PRO synthesis, increased lipid breakdown/FFA utilization.

2. Explain the two ways in which plasma volume and osmolality are regulated during exercise. Be sure to define all key terms.

Consider the following experimental set up in which glucose is dissolved in water:

Solution A                                 Solution B                            Solution C

100 glucose molecules               50 glucose molecules            75 glucose molecules

1 Liter of water                          1 Liter of water                    1 Liter of water

Fill in the blanks:

1. Solution A is _________________ to solution B.

a. hypotonic

b. hypertonic

c. isotonic

d. No answer text provided.

2. Solution C is _________________ to solution B.

a. hypotonic

b. hypertonic

c. isotonic

d. No answer text provided.

3. Solution C is _________________ to solution A.

a. hypotonic

b. hypertonic

c. isotonic

d. No answer text provided.

4. If 25 glucose molecules were added to solution B, then solution B would be _____________ to solution C.

a. hypotonic

b. hypertonic

c. isotonic

d. No answer text provided.

*minimum 250 words

You might find it amazing that most cells in the human body each contain at least one entire copy of your genome!!! That means a single cell has the genetic "blueprint" for your ENTIRE body! However, a particular cell does not "express" every gene found in your genome. How would you define "gene expression" in your own words?"

Substrate modification necessary for proteasomal degradation:

Explain the overall structure of phosphofructokinase 2/ fructose diphosphate 2, noting why the protein interface is important, and the role of serine 32.

list all of the phases and subclasses of the cell cycle. describe all cellular changes that occur during each.

Complete the following question by providing detailed explanations with examples.

Explain the roles of cell signaling in DNA transcription and protein synthesis.

You are expected to prepare a human pedigree detailing the inheritance of a single
genetic disease or disorder.
The pedigree will be created from the following information:
● There are five generations.
● In generation 1, there are two families.
o family one, the male is affected; this family should be listed on the
left.
o family 2 the female is affected.
● In generation 2 there are 12 individuals. Information on this generation:
o family 1 had 7 children, family 2 had four.
o family 1 first three children were girls, the remainder boys
o family 2 had a girl, two boys, and another girl.
o the eldest female of family 1 was married.
▪ She went on to have one daughter, and then one male,
affected
o the youngest male of family 1 and the eldest female of family 2
were married. This youngest male was affected.
▪ They went on to have five children. One girl, two boys, and
two more girls. The eldest boy, and two youngest girls were
all affected.
▪ The eldest daughter went on to have a boy and a girl.
o the youngest daughter of family 1, and both males of family 2, were
affected.
● In generation 3 there are at least 9 members.
o The youngest girl of the merged family had two sons. The first died
at birth and it is unknown if he was affected. The second was
affected
o The second oldest daughter of the merged family had one affected
male. She was not married.
o A daughter was born, who was a descendant of family 1 only,
whose mother was unaffected
▪ Her father was affected.
▪ She also has an adopted brother
▪ She went on to have twin daughters
▪ She was not married
● In generation 4 there are 7 members.
o Four of five males were affected
● In generation 5 there are 2 members.
● Generation one is dead.
● Non-married partners are not included in the pedigree.
● Unless specified assume all individuals have married parents.
● Unless specified, assume all spouses are unaffected
You will provide all genotypes for the second generation and ensure all known affected
individuals are marked.

After depicting the disease on the pedigree, you should include determine its dominant
or recessive inheritance pattern, and its autosomal or sex-linked position in the human
genome. Then, you will research a condition that matches this pattern and describe it in
full. Also, you should include a brief description of the manifestations and clinical
outcomes of the disease. The written portion of the assignment should be completed in
Microsoft Word.

list and describe all types of passive transport found in cells.

list and describe the 5 functions of proteins found in the plasma membrane

fully describe the process of protein synthesis beginning at DNA