Homo erectus -- One Species or Multiple Species?:

Some hypothesize that Homo erectus should be subdivided into multiple species, others support a single species hypothesis with a broad geographic distribution and population variation. There is support for both hypotheses!!!

Which hypothesis do you support? and why?

What evidence would cause you to shift your support to the other hypothesis? and why?

For your answers, paleontological details (geography, diagnostic traits, geologic dates) count!

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies are diseases related to the impaired ability to oxidize fatty acids via beta oxidation. Symptoms of these acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies include hypoketosis [low blood levels of ketone bodies], hypoglycemia [low blood glucose], and hyperammonemia [increased blood levels of ammonia] during long periods of fasting.

a.) Please explain why patients with acyl-coA dehydrogenase deficiencies have bouts of hypogycemia  [1- 2 sentences is sufficient].

b.) Please explain why patients with acyl-coA dehydrogenase deficiencies have bouts of hyperammonemia [1- 2 sentences is sufficient].

(BioChem) (Please type answer, thanks!)

40. Titanium, a hapten, is now being used frequently in human joint replacement. In terms of an immune response to titanium, you would expect

     a.   an innate immune response.

     b.   no immune response because titanium is not a large enough, complex molecule.

     c.   an allergic response because titanium is a metal

     d. no immune response because titanium is not part of any microorganisms

     e.   an adaptive immune response because titanium is foreign to the body.

41. Which of the following best characterizes antigens?

     a. Antigens may be proteins, polysaccharides, glycolipids, or glycoproteins that stimulate an immune response.

      b. Antigens come only from foreign microorganisms.

      c. Antigens are proteins called antibodies.

      d. Antigens are immunoglobulins the body produces in response to exposure to foreign

            organisms.

      e.   Both A and C

22.   Mrs. Jones titer shows high level antibodies but she has never had Chagus disease. Mrs. Jones is scared, although she has had no sign of illness, even after being exposed to this contagious disease. She is exhibiting:  

a.         natural acquired active immunity.

b.         natural acquired passive immunity.

c.         an allergic reaction.

d.         innate immunity.

            e.         artificial acquired passive immunity.

18. All of the following are benefits of fever, EXCEPT:

        a.   mobilizes defenses by promoting chemotaxis

        b.   inhibit bacterial growth and reproduction

        c.   catalyses metabolic reactions

        d.    increase metabolic rates

        e.   accelerates tissue repair

Describe the different levels that ecology can be studied.

List and discuss the different abiotic factors that affect the ecosystem.

Describe the process where energy flows through an ecosystem, provide examples.

What is biomass?

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies are diseases related to the impaired ability to oxidize fatty acids via beta oxidation. Symptoms of these acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies include hypoketosis [low blood levels of ketone bodies], hypoglycemia [low blood glucose], and hyperammonemia [increased blood levels of ammonia] during long periods of fasting.

In what 2 ways is beta oxidation important during prolonged periods of fasting?

(BioChem)

If an adrenergic receptor is a GCPR. Which technique below would best one to confirm that? Hydropathy plot, FRAP analysis, or siRNA knock-down

Briefly describe the advantages of the presence of EACH mammalian organ system:

The digestive system, circulatory, respiratory, immune/lymphatic, excretory, endocrine, reproductive, nervous, integumentary, skeletal, and muscular

1. How is fertilization in conifers different than fertilization in angiosperms?
2. Draw and label the steps in Angiosperm double fertilization.

62. A population of a grasshopper species in the Kansas prairie has two color phenotypes, with 90% of the grasshoppers green and 10% brown. Typically in the last century, the prairie receives adequate rain to maintain healthy green grass, but for the last decade the prairie suffers a severe drought and is also invaded by a bird that eats grasshoppers.

Briefly explain in terms of the four parts of natural selection listed below how the population of the grasshopper species would be expected to change during the drought years.

overproduction -

variation -

competition & survival -

differential reproduction -

Know the order of the digestive tract from the mouth to the anus:

What organ does the pancreas deliver enzymes to:

The function of hydrochloric acid in the digestive system is

What are the following

Haustra
Peyers patches
Rugae
Villi

What are the functions of the large intestines?

Where is gastrin produce and what cells produce it:

Escherichia coli

Pseudomonas malli

Bacillus megaterium

Bacillusanthracis,

Lactobacillusacidophilus,

Pseudomonas aeruginosa,

Serratia marcescens

Staphylococcus caprae

Streptococcus mutans

Neisseria gonorrhoeae,

Staphylococcus aureus,

Streptococcus pyogenes,

Proteus myxofaciens,

Klebsiella pneumoniae sub sp pneumoniae

Salmonella bongrori

Shigella sonnei

Corynebacterium xerosis

Enterobacter aerogenes

Proteus vulgaris

Escherichia vulneris

Escherichia blattae

Salmonella choleraesuis (subsp. diarizonae)

Enterobacter hormaechei

Enterobacter asburiae

Citrobacter diversus

Citrobacter freudii

In order to receive full credit for this assignment, you must provide the following;

The correct identification of Unknown organism in this homework assignment.

The correct interpretation of the biochemical tests in the table below for this unknown organism.

Create a flow chart which demonstrates the tests that allowed you separate the unknown organism from the list.

Use Microsoft PowerPoint, it is easier for creating flow charts compared to Microsoft Word

You do not need to isolate the entire list of organisms from each other, just your unknown from the list. See the sample flow chart.

Using your biochemical and morphological results to indentify the identity of your orphan organism by using the Bergey’s manual.

Create a flow chart and identify your orphan organism.

UNKNOWN # 3

The follow biochemical tests were performed after an unknown bacterium was isolated into a pure culture. Each of the tests was incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and when appropriate the use of reagents was added in the correct volumes to each of the tests. The following table describes these results.

1. If viruses were to be c;classified in manner similar to the classification of organisms, the broadest classification currently used for all viruses is the...

A) Phylum

B) Genus

C) Class

D) family

2. Which of the following is true concerning the viral envelope

A) Viral envelope is taken from the mitochondrial membranes

C) ALl viruses possess an envelope

D) The viral envelope is taken from the cellular membranes

E) The envelope may be cut apart by the action of nucleases

3. All of the following statements concerning virus taxonomy are true EXCEPT:

A) The ICTV establishes proper taxonomic schemes for virus classification

B) Staining is used as a means of classifying viruses

C) Currently, there are only three orders of viruses

D) Virus family names are sometimes derived from the name of an important virus within the family

4. Viruses can be inactivated by exposure/treatment to chemicals or physical agents. Choose which agent will inactivate herpes virus by preventing viral attachment to susceptible cells.

A) Alcohol

B) Ultra violet radiation

C) Heat

D) Neutralizing antibodies

E) A, C, D

(HINT: It's not B)