describe the life cycle of a specific helminth ( including terminology)

Discuss the significance of physical barriers in gluconeogenesis.

BRIEFLY describe the rationale for doing transfection experiments in mammalian cells.

What happens to the electrons from water that was split into O2 and H+?

What does the water-splitting photosystem produce for the Calvin Cycle?

What does the NADPH producing photosystem produce for the Calvin Cycle?

How do the two electron transport chains differ in the photo reactions?

Describe the electron transport chain. How does it work?

What form is carbon in before it’s captured to make sugar?

What is the role of Rubisco? How does it ‘fix’ carbon?

Where does the potential energy come from to ‘run’ the Calvin Cycle reactions?

What is G3P? What 2 things is it used for?

Why is hot weather a problem for plants with respect to photosynthesis?

Name some strategies plants use to reduce water loss.

What are autotrophs? Besides plants, name other autotrophs.

Bacteria are simple organisms with no organelles, like chloroplasts, but there are some bacteria that can do photosynthesis. How do they do it?

to 5’ bond without a nucleotide also being added.

Group of answer choices

Primase

Helicase

single stranded binding (SSB. proteins

Topoisomerase

DNA Ligase

DNA Polymerase III

DNA Polymerase I

how is potential energy and kinetic energy converted from one to another in photosythesis and cell respiration?

what are the effects of light energy in an atom?

what is the ATP structure and function

what organelles are involved in photosynthesis and cellular resipiration.

Where do the reactions happen in the chloroplast?

Explain leaf structure photosythesis?

explain pigment molecules and light energy together?

What are the stages of cellular respiration and the inputs and outputs?

explain aerobic vs anaerobic respiration?

What is the Endosymbiotic theory?

1. The allele b gives Drosophila flies a black body, and b+ gives brown, the wild-type phenotype. The allele wx of a separate gene gives waxy wings, and wx+ gives nonwaxy, the wild-type phenotype. The allele cn of a third gene gives cinnabar eyes, and cn+ gives red, the wild-type phenotype. A female heterozygous for these three genes is testcrossed, and 2,424 progeny (you could also use n=2,423) are classified as follows:

   cn+ · wx+ · b	101
   cn · wx+ · b+	768
   cn · wx+ · b	20
   cn+ · wx+ · b+	323
   cn+ · wx · b	848
   cn · wx · b+	101
   cn · wx · b	242
   cn+ · wx · b+	20

   
   

   Calculate the recombinant frequencies for  b-wx,  b-cn, and  wx-cn.

   Which gene is in the middle: b, wx, or cn?

   Screen shot of table in case of formatting issues:

   NOTE: the genotypes in the table below were released on Friday July 10, but there are errors which have been corrected above.

   cn+ · wx · b	101
   cn · wx+ · b+	768
   cn · wx · +b	20
   cn+ · wx+ · b+	323
   cn+ · wx · b	848
   cn · wx · b	101
   cn · wx+ · b	242
   cn+ · wx · b	20

1. Compare and contrast the digestion of proteins and lipids. Include at least two similarities and two differences.

PREPARATION OF COMPETENT CELLS and TRANSFORMATION:

2a. We will be preparing competent MM294 (E. coli) cells using a chemical treatment of CaCl₂. What are MM294 cells, why do we use them? Define “competent” cells and describe why/how CaCl₂ makes cells “competent”. Why is “mid-log” phase important? Support your drawing with a cartoon of what cells “look like” before and after treatment.

2b. What does “heat-shock” do (in the transformation procedure)?

2c. What is LB? What does “LB” stand for and what is its role in cloning? What would happen if LB was NOT on the plates?

how does the coronavirus replicate its genome and expresses its genes?

How come coronaviruses are able to mutate so rapidly?