Explain whether the results on the effect of lactose reflect an adaptive mechanism of gene regulation. Does it make biological sense for lactose to have this effect? Why? Is it adaptive for glucose to alter the ability of lactose to induce the enzymes needed for lactose breakdown? Explain.

You are an MD/PhD student studying left-right laterality defects in humans. You are monitoring a pregnancy in which the heart and stomach are positioned on the incorrect side of the body, while the rest of the organs are positioned normally.

a) [2pts] What would be the name of this type of visceral organ defect?

You are able to perform corrected surgery on the infant soon after birth. You perform a genetic analysis and discover this child had a mutation in a stretch activated calcium channel.

b) [2pts] What are the normal roles of stretch activated calcium channels?

c) [4pts] Why might this mutation cause the left-right laterality defects you observed?

d) [4pts] Assuming that mouse and human left-right patterning are achieved through similar mechanisms what would you predict Nodal expression in the LPM would have looked like in this human patient during early development? Explain your thinking.

Cro and cI proteins both have helix-turn-helix DNA binding domains. What effect would replacing cro’s DNA binding domain with that of cI’s have on the life-cycle of lambda phage? Explain briefly

people with sickle cell anemia have deformed red blood cells that cant properly transport oxygen to cells. compared to a healthy human, sickle cell patients would be mostly defective in?

a) osmosis

b)ATP production

c) glycolysis

d) fermentation

1. What type or types of phenotypes are favored by stabilizing selection?

2. What type or types of phenotypes are favored by directional selection?

3. What type or types of phenotypes are favored by disruptive selection?

Describe the central dogma of cell biology by explaining each step as well as where each step takes place in the cell. Make sure to include the terms: transcription, mRNA, splicesome, introns, exons, translation, ribosomes, primary transcript, nucleus, cytoplasm, and endoplasmic reticulum.

Describe the breakdown of a molecule of sugar through respiration. Make sure to explain where the different steps in the process occur, what the names of the steps are, how many ATP are produced in each step and what the final products are of the process.

describe the symbiotic host-microbe relationship for human microbiome and you must include the following topics

A) open/closed system, B) partner fidelity, C) transmission, and D) function in your discussion

**Botany Related Question**

What happens during the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

What roles do water, light, carbon dioxide, and chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?

How does glycolysis contribute toward aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration and fermentation?

How do temperature, water, and oxygen affect respiration?

Explain the production of a sugar molecule through the process of photosynthesis in a CAM plant. Describe the starting materials of the reaction, where the reaction takes place and the different steps in the production of sugar. Explain how energy is captured, held, and transferred to ultimately be stored in a sugar molecule. Include the terms chlorophyll, P680, primary electron acceptor, NADPH, light reactions, ATP, Calvin cycle, CO2, O2, H2O, and crassulacean acid metabolism.

What are some concerns with proficiency testing and why?

outline a direct or indirect interaction between adipocytes and myocytes and what is the outcome of this interaction? and if this occurs in embryonic or adult stage of development?

Need this answered ASAP please

if you could obtain embryos of an early tetrapod such as Panderichthys, what experiment would you carry out to investigate the molecular basis of the fin-to-limb transition?

Full color in domestic cats is dominant over dilute color. Of 600 cats observed, 200 have dilute color.

1. If this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the dilute allele?
2. How many of the 400 cats with full color are likely to be heterozygous?