A cause of macrocytic anemia is:

A. Iron deficiency

B. Antibodies against intrinsic factor

C. An enzyme deficiency

D. Inheritance of abnormal hemoglobin structure

       E. None of the above

2. In sickle cell disease, vassoocclusive crisis is the result of:

        A. Sequestration of large number of RBCs in the Spleen

        B. Damage to the platelets due to antibodies

        C. plugging of small blood vessels by sickle RBCs

        D. Treatment Drugs side effects

3. Localized out pouching of heart chamber is a /an:

         A. Thrombus

         B. Embolus

         C. Aneurysm

         D. Thromboembolism

4. Which of the following is not a risk factor in development of  atherosclerosis?

   A. Diabetes

   B. Smoking

   C. Hypertension

   D. Anemia

5. The current anabolic steroids used by some gym rats are LEAST LIKELY to give them:

1. bigger muscles
2. higher LDL
3. Lower HDL
4. Testicular enlargement

Gozilla (western lowland Gorilla)

1. Social Organization (How is this species socially organized? Use term like nuclear fission/fusion, uni-male.multimale

2. Mating Strategy (monogamous, poly gamous)

3. Intermembral index

4. 3 unique facts

5. Three Unique Facts

1. Suborder and infraorder of Kikuyu Colobus monkey

2. Social Organization (How is this species socially organized? Use term like nuclear fission/fusion, uni-male.multimale

3. Mating Strategy (monogamous, poly gamous)

4. Intermembral index of Kikuyu Colobus monkey

5. Three Unique Facts

⦁   Discuss the role of calcitonin in maintaining normal blood calcium concentration.

Please explain with details!!! THANK YOU!

3.

1. Consider the following normal sequence:

Gly-leu-arg-gln-cys-ile-phe

And the following mutant proteins. What is the nature of each mutation? Describe what happens in each case.

1. Gly-leu-arg-gln                     
2. Gly-leu-arg-arg-cys-ile-phe
3. Gly-phe-lys-thr-met-gln-ile

2. Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis is an autosomal dominant condition that produces scaly skin. It can be caused by a missense mutation that substitutes a histidine (his) amino acid with an arginine (arg). Write the mRNA codons that could account for this change, and indicate if it is a transition or transversion.

c. Individuals with mutations in the GJB2 gene are deaf. The most common mutation in a population is a deletion of this gene’s 235^th nucleotide, which is a C. The normal GJB2 protein is made in the cytoplasm and then moves to the cell membrane. In patients with the most common mutant allele, the GJB2 protein remains in the cytoplasm and is quickly degraded. This mutation is likely classified as a:

1. Missense mutation
2. Nonsense mutation
3. Gain-of-function mutation
4. Loss-of-function mutation

Create a discussion question about Endocrine System and submit a thorough response to this question.

What are social, indirect, and economic costs of bacterial meningitis on a global scale? ?

Angiogenesis is an essential property of many solid tumors, and the target of several anticancer drugs. One clinically important angiogenic pathway involves vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its cognate receptors.

a) What is VEGF and how is it important in tumor growth and survival?

b). What agents target the VEGF pathway and what are their mechanisms of action?

c.) What kinds of tumors are effectively treated with agents that target the VEGF pathway?

d) What are the important toxicities of the agents that target the VEGF pathway?

Why would someone choose to do deep sequencing as compared to PCR amplification and sequencing of short sequences?  What are some of the technology platforms used for deep sequencing?

What are the costs of treating bacterial meningitis, responding to, preventing the disease?

Describe in a clear and simple way, in 10 own formulated sentences, how an untreated enamel caries attack can gradually and chronologically lead to the tooth developing a radicular cyst. Each sentence should contain an essential and correct step in the process.

How is much work time lost in suffering from bacterial meningitis?

The following couples plan to marry and want to know the chance of having a child with the following diseases. You are a genetic counselor who needs to answer their questions. Write out the genotypes of the crosses and perform a Punnett square to determine the probability of the child inheriting the disease.

            a. an affected father and carrier mother for color blindness (X-linked recessive)

            b. an unaffected father and a carrier mother for hemophilia (X-linked recessive)

            c. an unaffected father and an unaffected mother for color blindness

            d. an affected father and an unaffected mother for color blindness

Describe how blood flow through the peripheral circulation is regulated during

a) Exercise

b) Hemorrhage How is the mean arterial pressure restored in each case? physiology

Explain how cobalamin can prevent allergies and toxins.