There are several aspects of DNA polymerases that tell you about their probable functions in the...

There are several aspects of DNA polymerases that tell you about their probable functions in the cell. These are processivity, 3' -> 5' exonuclease acitvity, requirements for viability, 5' -> 3' exonuclease activity. Describe what each of these mean and indicate what they tell you about the polymerase.

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Expert Solution

the processivity stands for the ability of the enzyme to proceed a reaction without releasing its substrate.

in the case of polymerase, the polymerase which is bounded to leading strand has more processivity compare to the polymerase which is bounded to the lagging strand.
the polymerase which is synthesizing DNA on lagging strand has to disassemble itself from DNA which leads to the formation of Okazaki fragments. which decreases the processivity of that polymerase.
because the polymerase which is synthesizing DNA on lagging strand synthesizes DNA opposite to the direction of opening of the replication fork.
whereas in the case of leading strand polymerase synthesizes in the same direction in which replication fork opens.

3' -> 5' exonuclease activity.

this activity helps in mismatch repair if any nucleotide mismatches this activity will enable the enzyme to recognize and to remove the mismatched nucleotide during the replication process.

the process is also known as proofreading

requirements for viability:

because the polymerase envolves in DNA replication as well as in DNA repair which makes them essential for the viability of a cell.

5' -> 3' exonuclease activity:

this activity help in the removal of nucleotide from the DNA synthesis direction this will helps in the DNA repair.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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