•Does an ecologist studying factors limiting numbers in a population of zebras need to consider the influences of interactions with other species or the influences of food on the survival of individuals?Explain your answer…

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections are often asymptomatic. What are the consequences of having an asymptomatic infection? Each of these pathogens has one or more mechanisms that promote host infection. Describe these (give 2 examples) mechanisms for one of these pathogens.

3. Listed below are the phenotypes of the offspring from a pizza self fertilization experiment regarding the traits of toppings and crust thickness. Yeah that’s right, in my dream world pizza can self fertilize. AND THEN I EAT IT ALL.

What is the dominant phenotype for pizza toppings?

OK. So, in looking at these data, do you think these genes are linked or unlinked? Briefly explain how you arrived at that conclusion.

So if you did a dihybrid testcross with your dihybrid, what would the phenotypic ratio be?

Using the same example in the book, work the Hardy-Weinberg Equation for the following The sample size is 3200 plants. Keep in mind, flowering plants are diploid. (6 Pts.)

There are:                                                                                                                                                                                         

1980 Blue flowers                 1000 Teal flowers                220 Green flowers

What does this all mean? What are the numbers doing for you?

What are ABC transporters and how do they work?

What are the differences between predictive & carrier testing? What is the relevance of incidental findings that may occur as a consequence of these tests?

4. Here we’ve performed a dihybrid testcross with a pizza a dihybrid that is thick crusted with BBQ sauce.

Based on this data, are these genes linked?

This is a dihybrid testcross. You know the phenotype of the dihybrid... given this information, what is the phenotype of the other mating partner in this cross?

Cool. So, based on this data, are these genes in a cis or trans arrangement in your dihybrid?

How many map units apart are the genes for crust thickness and sauce type?

FOR BONUS FUN (not part of the completion point for this HW)... take all of the information you have regarding these 3 pizza genes from questions 3 and 4 and draw a map.

Design and submit a concept map on what you have learned. It should include concepts and connections between concepts including: Bacteria Structure Bacteria Function Transmission and replication Types

9. Pectin is a food polysaccharide used to provide gelation in many different foods. a. Described how a pectin gel is formed, discussing i) the role of calcium and ii) the role of different types of water. (8 points) b. Give examples of two processed foods where pectin is used to improve product texture. (2 points)

7. The food we eat provides nutrition. However, some foods provide more than just essential nutrition. They have something that could provide additional health benefits and prevent certain chronic diseases. We call these food functional foods. a. Composition-wise, what makes food functional food? Give an example. (2 points) b. Both probiotic yogurt and regular yogurt have beneficial bacteria, but probiotic yogurt is believed to be healthier. Please explain why, with appropriate reasons. (3 points) c. Considering functional food, what is meant by bioavailability? Why is it important? (2 points) d. Tomatoes are rich in lycopene, which is one of the most potent antioxidants and have many health benefits. However, the bioavailability of lycopene is significantly higher from tomato paste compared to whole tomatoes. Explain why. (3 points)

Outline the evolution of the human lineage between 8 and 2 Mya.

6. You wanted to buy lettuce for your salad. In the grocery store, you found a head of lettuce in the fresh vegetable section. You also found a sealed bag of pre-packaged refrigerated lettuce. Answer the following questions based on these two types of lettuces. a. In their original condition (unopened package in refrigerated condition vs fresh head of lettuce in ambient condition), which one would deteriorate faster? Explain your answer. (2 points) b. How the gas composition of the sealed bag of pre-packaged refrigerated lettuce is modified? Explain the advantage and disadvantages of such packaging. (4 points) c. You bought the fresh head of lettuce and kept it in the refrigerator for storage. However, due to lack of space, you put it in the fruit tray with some fruits. Is this a good idea? Why or why not? (2 points) d. Over a period of time in the refrigerator you noticed wilting of the lettuce. What could be the reason? (2 points)