1a) Briefly describe what happens during the three steps of DNA synthesis in E. coli. Remember...

1a) Briefly describe what happens during the three steps of DNA synthesis in E. coli. Remember to list what enzymes/proteins are needed and what their function is. How is the lagging strand different? What direction does synthesis proceed in? 15 points.

2b) The t_RNA with the incoming amino acid binds at the _____ site, and translocation occurs with the peptidyl t_RNA moving to the ____ site.

Expert Solution

Initiation :

dnaA: It binds to DNA and unwind it. Replication bubble form.

dnaB: It along with dnaC cuts the hydrogen bond between two strands.

Topoisomarase: it converts positive supercoil to negative supercoil and also negative to positive supercoil.

SSB protein: it binds with single strand and prevent rejoin.

Elongation:

DNA polymerase 3: synthesize the new DNA strand at 5' to 3' direction.

Leading and lagging strand synthesize in opposite direction. Lagging strand needs some RNA primer to synthesize new strand. RNA primer synthesized by primase enzyme. Lagging strand has okazaki fragments , which are join by ligase enzyme.

DNA polymerase 1: it destroy the RNA primer.

Termination:

As DNA is circular then here bidirectional replication occurs.

some enzymes like ter family stop the replication.

-Lagging strand are different because for the synthesis of new strand there is not any 3' end available. So this strand needs RNA primer to synthesize new strand.

-The synthesis proceed in 5' to 3' direction.

- The tRNA with the incoming amino acid binds at the A site and translocation occurs with the peptidyl tRNA moving to the P site.

gladiator answered 2 days ago

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