You have three genes on the same chromosome - A, B and C. Each gene has two alleles in a dominant/recessive relationship. For these genes the homozygous recessive has the mutant phenotype for that trait, the dominant phenotype = wild type for that trait.

• allele A is dominant to a; phenotype a = mutant for trait a; phenotype A = wild type for trait A
• allele B is dominant to b; phenotype b = mutant for trait b; phenotype B = wild type for trait B
• allele C is dominant to c; phenotype c = mutant for trait c; phenotype C = wild type for trait C

Note: phenotypes can be represented by single letters. For example phenotype A = genotypes Aa or AA; phenotype a = genotype aa. Assume that phenotype ab = mutant phenotype for traits a and b, and wild type phenotype for trait C.

You cross an individual heterozygote for all three genes, with an individual who is homozygote recessive for all three. Out of 10,000 offspring you get the following phenotypes and amounts:

• phenotype a - 98
• phenotype b - 150
• phenotype c - 4751
• phenotype ab - 4749
• phenotype ac - 147
• phenotype bc - 99
• phenotype abc - 3
• wild type - 3

Use this information to answer the following questions.

For each phenotype determine if the number of offspring you are observing is greater or less than you'd expect if all three genes are sorting independently (expectation = independent assortment).

Use the information at the top of this page to choose the correct answer.

For phenotype a there are ( less/more) offspring observed than expected.

For phenotype b there are ( less/more) offspring observed than expected.

For phenotype c there are ( less/more) offspring observed than expected.

For phenotype ab there are ( less/more) offspring observed than expected.

For phenotype ac there are (less/more) offspring observed than expected.

For phenotype bc there are ( less/more) offspring observed than expected.

For phenotype abc there are ( less/more) offspring observed than expected.

For wild type there are ( less/more) offspring observed than expected.

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Based on the information given and your answer to the previous questions, what was the genotype of the heterozygous parent, in the correct order?

Select one:

a. BAc/baC

b. ACB/acb

c. ABc/abC

d. AcB/aCb

e. ABC/abc

Clear my choice

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Given the information at the top of the page, determine the recombination frequency for A-C. Show your work here!

Note: You will choose the correct answer in the question below (multiple choice). This is for you to show your work.

You can show your work by typing out the math (fractions, % or decimals; can use any format you like) or explaining how you found the answer in words, or a combination of both. Basically any description/showing of your work even if your answer is wrong = 2 marks.

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Given the information at the top of the page, what is the recombination frequency for A-C? Frequency is given as a number from 0 to 1.

Select one:

a. 0.03

b. 0.1

c. 0.02

d. 0.05

e. 0.015

A cell is defective in succinate dehydrogenase. Will its HIF-1 be hydroxylated by PH-2 under this condition? Justify.

1- Compare and contrast microbial fermentation and aerobic respiration in sugarbased catabolic systems. Please use diagrams and figures to help explain your answer.

2. Outline the three fundamentals of metabolism. In your answer give examples of each of these fundamentals associated with sugar catabolism. Please use diagrams and figures to illustrate your answer.

~ALL OF THESE PARTS ARE STRICTLY ASKING ABOUT The Antibiotic Degrading Enzyme, NOT ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN GENERAL~ the more specific the better; preferably typed, as to be legible; thank you so much in advance

Please describe to me the mechanism of and behind the form of antibiotic resistance of antibiotic degrading enzymes (like what the processes that it works under). Also, which class of antibiotics does the mechanism of antibiotic degrading enzymes attack? Finally, which antibiotic-resistant bacteria are using the mechanism employed by an antibiotic degrading enzyme.

Genetically, how does an organism become antibiotic-resistant? How does the mechanism for resistance spread through a microbial community?

A) How does a polar covalent bond differ from a non-polar covalent bond?

B. ) In a single molecule of water, what is the type of bond between the two hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom?

Which type of enzyme is routinely used in biotechnology to cut DNA into fragments?

Nuclear transplantation (somatic cell nuclear transfer) is a technique that requires multiple steps. Which of the following steps is nota part of this technique?
a. production of an enucleated egg (egg with the nucleus removed)

b. de-differentiated (re-programmed) somatic cell

c. fusion of a sperm cell with an egg cell

d. fusion of a de-differentiated somatic cell with an enucleated egg

(1) Pre Lab Question: You are working in the lab and are told to create an artificial membrane from phospholipids. You are then instructed to add certain solutes to the membrane to see if it works appropriately.

Rank the permeability for the following across a phospholipid membrane for the following:

lysine, urea, sodium ion, insulin, water, indole

Huntington's Disease: The role of the protein targeted by the antisense

1. Threat to biodiversity in MUTUALISM, COMMENSALISM AND PARASITISM
   1. Describe the threat. What is it? Where is it? What is causing it? Etc. (at least a long paragraph description here).
   2. What potential or actual harm can result from this threat?
   3. Give at least two statistics related to this threat.

How does entropy drive solubility of proteins in water (or not)? Draw me a “system” of a beaker of water with and without 1) Polar solute and 2) Nonpolar solute. How does entropy change in each of the beakers before and after addition of solute?

A 34-year-old pregnant female discovered that her husband tested positive for HIV. She was never screened for HIV infection earlier. She shares this information to her physician during delivery. Immediate screening of the infant with molecular methods such as qPCR yielded positive results.

a. Explain the algorithm for laboratory diagnosis for screening and determination of true positive for the newborns?

b. If the results are true positives, how should the infant be monitored?

c. If the initial screening at birth yielded negative results for the infant, should the testing be concluded? Explain your reasoning.

Distinguish between photoreduction and photophosphorylation.

Snerp DNA sequence sample Identity: B
Snerp DNA sequence: TACCTACGTTCGACT TACACATGCACGATC TACTATGGGTGAATC TACTGAGAGAGCATC TACGAAGCAACGACT TACTCTTTAAGGATC

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You were given the DNA sequence for the alleles of a total of six genes. The genes are separated by vertical lines (|). What are the mRNA codon sequences that are complimentary to the DNA sequences that you were provided?

(Please write each codon sequence as a separate line in your answer, for example:

UAGAGCGUCGAUCG

UAGCGAUCGUAGCU

AUCGACGAUCGAUC

ACGCUAGCUAGCGU

AACGCUAGGCUAUU

AUCGCGCGGUAGCG)

(Note, the above mRNA sequences are likely different from the ones which are complimentary to the DNA sequence you received.)