Explain how bryophytes, ferns and seed plants differ in their dependence on water for reproduction and...

Explain how bryophytes, ferns and seed plants differ in their dependence on water for reproduction and growth.

Expert Solution

Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant Kingdom. They live in the Terrestrial environment but require water for reproduction. These plants release their gametes into the water and show external fertilization inside water. Zygote is formed inside water only by the fusion of gametes of two different parents.

Pteridophytes also require water for fertilization. But they show internal fertilization taking place in the neck of archegonium. It is the female gametophyte of pteridophytes which contains egg.

Seed plants do not require water for fertilization. They show internal fertilization which take place inside female gametophyte. Female gametophyte is represented by carpel. It contains stigma style and ovary. Pollen grains land on Stigma. They germinate there by the formation of pollen tube which enter ovary to reach the ovules. There the Pollen tube releases male gametes which fertilize with the ovules.

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