Steam flows steadily through a turbine at a rate of 12,550 kg/h, entering at 7 MPa and 500oC, state 1 and leaving at 50 kPa as saturated vapor, state 2. The power generated by the turbine is 6.2 MW. Determine (a) the quality I % at the exit and (b) the heat transfer in kJ/sec with direction.

• Relate lunar phases to the positions of the Moon and Sun in the sky.
• Relate eclipses to the positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun.
• Use Kepler's Laws to relate orbital speeds, periods, and distances.
• Use the gravity equation to compare the strength of gravitational forces.
• Relate the peak of a thermal radiation spectrum to temperature.
• Predict and interpret the effects of Doppler shift.
• Use the inverse square law equation to relate brightness and luminosity.
• Use magnitudes to describe brightness and color.
• Relate stellar properties and the OBAFGKM classification system.
• Read H-R diagrams for stellar temperatures, radii, and luminosities.
• Predict the ages of stellar clusters based on their color-magnitude diagrams.
• Identify the major steps of stellar evolution by name and on the HR diagram.
• Relate supernovae and compact objects to the stars that produce them.

Brazil's environmental record is a real paradox. On the one hand it resembles so many other countries desperately trying to get ahead economically - even at the expense of its environment. On the other hand, Brazil is showing the world how to reduce fossil fuel use with associated benefits (mostly) of using sustainable biofuels.

What do you make of this seemingly contradictory record on the environment and which path do you think Brazil is more likely to take in the future ... and why?

A010) One of the most active (and best studied) earthquake-prone areas is the San Andreas transform fault that forms a plate boundary between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate. Turn on the San Andreas Major Ruptures folder to see rupture extents for three major earthquakes that have affected the San Andreas– Fort Tejon (1857, Mag. 7.9), San Francisco (1906, Mag. 7.8), and Loma Prieta (1989, Mag. 6.9). Also, in the Layers panel, turn on Gallery > Earthquakes.
   
Plate Boundary Earthquakes - San Andreas Fault, Wallace Creek, CA. What is the sense of offset along the San Andreas Fault? (i.e., Walk along either segment of Wallace Creek toward the fault. At the fault, determine the direction you turn to find the offset segment of the stream across the fault.)

A011) Plate Boundary Earthquakes - San Andreas Fault, Wallace Creek, CA. Use the Ruler tool to determine the distance (m) that Wallace Creek has been offset by recent motion along the San Andreas Fault (measure between the Problem 11 placemarks).

A012) Plate Boundary Earthquakes - San Andreas Fault, Wallace Creek, CA. Assuming that slip accumulates along the fault at about 6 cm/yr, how many years might it have taken to accumulate the slip that was released to produce the observed offset of the stream?

A015) Plate Boundary Earthquakes - San Andreas Fault, CA. Keep the San Andreas Major Ruptures folder turned on to show the extents of segments of the San Andreas Fault that have slipped during major seismic events. Using seismic gap analysis (where segments of a fault that have not recently slipped form "gaps" of accumulating strain transferred from adjacent slipped fault segments that highlight areas of greater potential for a "seismic" event), which placemark highlights a segment of the San Andreas Fault that has a high risk for an earthquake?

Question 13 options:

A mixture of 75.0% propane and 25.0% H2 is burned with 25.0% excess air. Fractional conversions of 90.0% of the propane and 85.0% of the hydrogen are achieved. Of the propane that reacts, 95.0% form CO2 and the rest form CO. Draw the diagram and determine the flue gas (FG) composition (mol%) through an Orsat analysis. Use the elemental balance method.

The following are the details that may help:

1. The fuel contains C3H8 and H2 while air stream contains O2 and N2. This means that the fuel stream (F) is separated from the air stream

2. Aside from the 95% CO2 and (the rest that forms) CO, the flue gas (FG) also contains H2O, O2, and N2

3. The basis can be 100 mol F (fuel)

Use the following for this section: Na = 23.0 g/mol, Mg = 24.3 g/mol, Cl = 35.5 g/mo

1. Calculate the amount of sodium chloride required to make 200 mL of a 0.100 M sodium chloride solution. This is solution 1.
2. Calculate the amount of magnesium chloride required to make 200 mL of a 0.100 M magnesium chloride solution. This is solution 2.
3. Solution 3 is made by mixing 50 mL solution 1 and 50 mL solution 2. Calculate the chloride ion concentration in the resulting solution.
4. Solution 4 is made by mixing 50 mL solution 1 and 50 mL of a 0.20 M silver nitrate solution. Calculate the resulting sodium ion and chloride ion concentrations.

A plant that operates with Rankine cycle, has the following conditions: P1 = P2 = 10,000 kPa, T2 = 600 ° C, P3 = P4 = 10 kPa, η turbine = 0.8 and η pump = 0.75, power produced in the turbine = 80,000 kW. Calculate: inlet heat, outlet heat, steam flow, and thermal efficiency.

• A migrating fish would be rapidly transferring substances across cell membranes. These substances would include sodium, water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and steroids. Which of those would be most likely to be moved via active transport? Why?

What is the process to obtain biomass production

An example of an RCRA Corrective Action site is Boeing Plant 2 in Seattle, Washington. There was contamination of PCBs, PAHs, phthalates, semi-volatile organic compounds in the soil on-site and in surrounding waterways (including groundwater). Boeing still occupies the area and it is handling the cleanup, which is still ongoing. Part of their process has been implementing pilot projects that have reduced groundwater contamination by 98% (US EPA 2013). Since Boeing is still active on-site, RCRA Corrective Action is appropriate.

An example of a Superfund site is Quendall Terminals in the state of Washington. Located on Lake Washington, on 29 acres, this Superfund site was previously acreosote manufacturing and oil storage facility for many decades. Creosote, coal tar, and other hazardous chemicals have accumulated in groundwater, lake sediment and on land (US EPA 2019). While the lake is not used as a drinking water source, there are swimming beaches within a half-mile from the site (US EPA 2005). In 1999, the state’s Department of Ecology began contamination cleanup. Then in 2005, at the state’s request, EPA took over. The EPA requested the site’s responsible parties conduct a remedial investigation and feasibility study. The remedial study was completed in 2012 and the feasibility study completed in 2017 by the responsible parties. Public comments were received from September to October 2019 and the EPA’s final cleanup plan is scheduled (US EPA 2019). As the location is no longer in use and currently vacant, the CERCLA program is appropriate for this site. Additionally, there are plans to rezone and repurpose the location for residential use.

According to the post above pose questions about the position they took and/or how the regulation was applied?

Place the following energy states in order of their least net carbon dixide emission into the atmosphere, where 1. = lowest net carbon, and 5. = highest net carbon.

In your calculation, take into account:

1. How much carbon dioxide (or CO2 equivalent) is emitted per unit energy generated.
2. If the source is renewable, how much carbon dixide (or CO2 equivalent) is removed from the atmosphere each year by that resource.
3. How much energy is needed to produce and deliver that energy source.

Oils. Petroleum fractions, plant oils, and similar viscous substances, ccommonly combined with lighter distillates to form diesel fuels for truck and rail engines.   

Gaseous. Hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixtures present in gaseous state at room temperatures which, when combined with oxygen (burned) release heat and/or light.   

Solid fuels. Fossil carbonates (coals and peat), carbonized woody materials (coke, charcoals, and biochars), and lignite (woody) fuels including wood, pelletized grasses, etc. burned directly in their solid state.  

Distillates. Highly flammable liquids (liquid at room temperature) distilled from petroleum (gasoline), fermented plant starches (ethanol) and plant oils ("green" kerosene), used in both turbine (jet) and internal combustion engines.

Give your own examples of Heating Curve for water. Below I have kay questions.

1. Understand the different segments in the heating curve for H₂O that ranges from below the melting point to above the boiling point.

2. Calculate the energy changes associated with heating a substance (like H₂O) through a series of temperature changes and phase changes.

Please give your own examples of Phase Diagrams. Below I have key questions

3. Know that a phase diagram relates the states of matter for a substance to temperature and pressure.

4. Identify the main regions and significant points in a phase diagram.

5. Understand the effect of changes in temperature and changes in pressure on the phase of a substance as shown by its phase diagram.