Experiment 7: Thin Layer Chromatography

1. What is the name of the technique you will be using in experiment No.7 lab?
   1. Thin Layer Chromatography
   2. Mass Spectrometry
   3. Thick Liquid Calorimetry
   4. Liquid Chamber Chromatography

2. TLC plates separate molecules on the basis of:
   1. Polarity
   2. Color
   3. Size
   4. Bond orientation

3. The mixture is dissolved in a fluid called the ___________ phase, which carries it through   a structure holding another material called the __________ phase.

4. The polarity of a bond between two elements can be best determined by

1. The difference in electronegativity between the elements
2. The difference in first ionization energy between the elements
3. The number of electrons shared in the bond
4. The difference in atomic radius between the elements

5. EXPLAIN the phrase “like dissolves like.”

1. Describe what figure 8.29 tells us about of North America.

2. What is Rodinia? Explain the climate issue happening at the time.

3. What is a sequence? Explain the significance of the Sauk and Tippecanoe sequences.

4. Describe the major event going on tectonically in eastern North American margin in the late Paleozoic.

Discuss the significance of project documentation and codes and standards

A diffracted x-ray beam is observed from an unknown cubic metal at angles 30.7301^o, 35.6406^o, 51.1984^o, 60.9706^o, 64.0327^o and 75.4344^o when x-ray of 0.1248 nm wavelength is used.

Find the lattice parameter (in nm) of the metal for each of the peaks.

Compare the equilibrium constant dependence on temperature with the van't Hoff Equation Comment on any differences and/or similarities.

Please type your answer

1. A heater is used to heat 100 SCM of nitrogen in a rigid vessel from 26.85^oC  to 126.85^oC. Do energy balance and calculate heat duty Q (kJ) using data from Table A-2a,b,c and A18. State your assumption and explain your results.

Define disinfection process, write the equations for the dissolution (hydrolysis) of chlorine gas in water and the subsequent dissociation (ionization) of hypochlorous acid. Draw breakpoint chlorine dosage curve, and provide explanation to each zone

Define sedimentation process and explain the differences between Type 1, Type 2, Type 3 and Type 4 solids. Draw a rectangular sedimentation tank showing the four zones with a detailed explanation of each zone.

Physical Chemistry
Colligative Properties of Non–Electrolytes

1. A mixture which contains 0.550 g of camphor and 0.045 g of an organic solute freezes at 157.0 °C. The
solute contains 93.46 % of C and 6.54% of H by weight. What is the molecular formula of the compound?

2.An aqueous solution contains 20 g of glucose per liter. Assuming the solution to be ideal, calculate the
osmotic pressure at 25°C.

Physical Chemistry

1.At 50°C the vapor pressure of ethyl alcohol is 219.9 mm Hg. If 6 g of a nonvolatile solute of molecular
weight 120 are dissolved in 150 g of water and ethyl alcohol, what will be the relative vapor pressure
lowerings in the two solvents?

2.A solution composed of 10 g of a nonvolatile organic solute in 100 g of diethyl ether has a vapor pressure
of 426.0 mm at 20 °C. If the vapor pressure of the pure ether is 442.2 mm at the same temperature,
what is the molecular weight of the solute?

For a health and safety topic (or industry) of your choice search a range of sources of information. For each source consider the accuracy, relevance, credibility, reliability of the information. Consider a wide range of sources, including enforcing authorities, specialist information providers, trade unions, special interest groups and charities etc.

Outline the importance of accuracy of the information for health and safety professionals.

1. Steam undergoes a state change from 450°C and 3.5 MPa to 150°C and 0.3 MPa.

Determine ΔH and ΔS using the following:

a. Steam table data

b. Ideal gas assumptions (be sure to use the ideal gas heat capacity for water).

(ANS: 0.0717 kJ/kg-K; -576.8 kJ/kg; 0.143 kJ/kg-K; -555.71 kJ/kg)

A solution containing 35% by mass of Glauber salt, Na2SO4 is cooled down from 323 K to 298 K in a Swenson-Walker crystalliser to form crystals of Na2SO4•10H2O. The solubility of Na2SO4at 298 K is 13.9 kg/100 kg of water, and the required product rate of crystals is 0.1 kg/s. The molecular mass of the anhydrous and hydrated salt is 142 kg/kmol and 322 kg/kmol, respectively. The mean heat capacity Cp of the solution is 2 kJ/(kg K), and the heat of crystallisation is 150 kJ/kg. The cooling water enters and leaves at 285 K and 293 K, respectively, and the overall coefficient of heat transfer is 125 W/m2 K. Assume counter- current flow and that 3% of the initial solution is evaporated.

(i) State the general equation for the calculation of the crystal yield and define the variables used.

(ii) Calculate the crystal yield.
(iii) Calculate the required feed to produce 0.1 kg/s of crystals. (iv) Calculate the heat required to cool the solution.

(v) Calculate the heat of crystallisation and the total heat required. (vi) Calculate the required heat transfer area.