1. If you started at 20 degrees North, and traveled 40 degrees North, you would be at:
(a) 40 degrees South
(b) 20 degrees South
(c) 40 degrees North
(d) 60 degrees North
2. A self-regulating association of living plants and animals and their nonliving physical environment is termed a/an _______________.
(a) ecosystem
(b) ecotone
(c) community
(d) niche
3. Which of the following sequences is arranged in order from shorter wavelength to longer wavelength?
(a) infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays
(b) X-rays, ultraviolet, visible, infrared
(c) visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, infrared
(d) ultraviolet, visible, X-rays, infrared
4. The soil at the base of a hill slope is likely to be ____ compared to the soil on the slope.
(a) thicker
(b) wetter
(c) more nutrient-rich
(d) all of the above
5. Which type of weathering is limited to arid environments?
(a) Exfoliation
(b) Frost wedging
(c) Hydrolysis
(d) Salt crystal growth
6. Tropical cyclones are most likely to form in water that is:
(a) 12-18 degrees C
(b) 26-29 degrees C
(c) 38-42 degrees C
(d) 71-76 degrees C
7. You live in Miami Florida and you are planning a trip to visit your friend in Calgary, Canada. When should you plan your trip? Select the most correct statement.
(a) You should plan your trip in December because of the long days due to the earth being near its perihelion.
(b) You should plan your trip in March to coincide with the solstice.
(c) You should plan your trip in June to take advantage of the subsolar point being directly overhead.
(d) You should plan your trip in June to take advantage of the long days near the solstice.
8. Consider a swamp along the calm backwaters of a river flowing through a flat landscape. Given the nature of this environment which of the following sediments would be least likely to be deposited there?
(a) Gravel
(b) Sand
(c) Silt
(d) Clay
9. You would expect only slight physical and chemical weathering under natural conditions of
(a) lower mean annual rainfall and temperatures.
(b) temperatures below freezing.
(c) higher temperatures and lower precipitation.
(d) extreme cold and high precipitation.
10. The majority of the Earth's crust is composed of _____ rock.
(a) igneous
(b) metamorphic
(c) sedimentary
(d) carbonate
11. If you were really afraid of earthquakes, which of the following areas would be the safest to live on?
(a) Convergent plate boundary
(b) Divergent plate boundary
(c) Passive plate boundary
(d) Island arc along a subduction zone
12. When the leeward side of a mountain receives less precipitation than the windward side, this is called:
(a) orogenic precipitation.
(b) the mountain rain effect.
(c) the rainshadow effect.
(d) altoprecipitation losses.
13. Which of the following cities receives the most precipitation in July?
(a) Singapore
(b) Benares
(c) Charleston
(d) Dublin
14. Which of the following is not used to rate an earthquake on the Richter scale?
(a) The amount of fault slippage that occurred
(b) The size of the subsurface or surface area that ruptured
(c) The amount of death and destruction that occurred
(d) The nature of the ground materials affected by the quake
15. Energy flows through an ecosystem along a circuit called the
(a) food web.
(b) niche order.
(c) trophic place.
(d) food chain.
16. What is located at 55d45'N, 37d35'E?
(a) London, England
(b) Houston, TX
(c) Moscow, Russia
(d) Mexico City, Mexico
17. Which of the following cities has a climate most similar to that of San Francisco, California, US?
(a) Athens
(b) Charleston
(c) Dublin
(d) Williston
18. When the sun, the earth and the moon are in conjunction, the arrangement of these celestial bodies forms a _____ and it results in a _____ tidal range.
(a) line; largest
(b) line; smallest
(c) right angle; largest
(d) right angle; smallest
19. The height of a tsunami grows as it approaches a coastline primarily because
(a) its energy level increases.
(b) its wavelength shortens.
(c) the height of the surf is added to the height of the tsunami.
(d) none of the above is true -- the height of a tsunami remains constant from the time of its origin.
20. An 'A' in the Koppen climate classification system (as in Csa) indicates that
(a) summers are long and hot.
(b) summers are the driest time of year.
(c) winters are the wettest time of year.
(d) winters are long and cold.
21. Which of the following is true regardng mean sea level?
(a) A consistent value has yet to be determined due to all the variables.
(b) It is at the same level along the entire North American coast.
(c) It is calculated based on average tidal levels recorded hourly at a given site over many years.
(d) The sea level along the Gulf Coast is the lowest for the coasts of the lower 48 states.
22. Tornadoes in the United States occur as a result of the interaction of warm, moist _____ air masses with cold, dry ____ air masses.
(a) mT; cP
(b) cP; mT
(c) mP; cP
(d) mT; mP
23. The Earth's crust is roughly made up of _____________.
(a) mantle and core material.
(b) at least 14 plates capable of movement.
(c) a strong, unbroken material.
(d) a brittle, thin material that does not move.
24. The littoral zone extend inland to
(a) the foreshore dune.
(b) the backshore dune.
(c) the trough between the primary and secondary dune.
(d) the highest water line that occurs during a storm.
25. Which of the following is not exogenic in nature?
(a) Weathering
(b) Erosion
(c) Mass wasting
(d) Batholith formation
26. Find a Plate Tectonics map (in the atlas or the internet). Which plate is moving the fastest?
(a) African
(b) North American
(c) Indo-Australian
(d) Pacific
27. The Pacific Rim can be characterized as __________.
(a) a place of embayments.
(b) being dominated by estuaries.
(c) being dominated by barrier islands.
(d) tectonically active and emerging.
28. Consider a food chain in which a grasshopper eats grass, the grasshopper is eaten by a frog, and the frog is eaten by a snake. Given these relationships, which of the following is not correctly matched?
(a) grass -- autotroph
(b) grasshopper -- herbivore
(c) frog -- secondary consumer
(d) snake -- primary consumer
29. If you live in an area that was flooded by the 100-year flood last year, you can conclude that
(a) the next 100-year flood will occur in exactly 100 years.
(b) the next 100-year flood will occur in exactly 99 years.
(c) you could be flooded by the 100 year flood again this year.
(d) you can expect a 50 year flood in exactly 24 years.
30. On June 21st, the sun's declination is at
(a) the equator.
(b) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Alice Springs, Australia.
(c) the Tropic of Capricorn.
d) the Tropic of Cancer.
31. What is located at 50d51'N, 4d21'E?
(a) Brussels, Belgium
(b) Paris, France
(c) Hamburg, Germany
(d) Rome, Italy
32. The 1964 Good Friday earthquake in Alaska produced all of the following except:
(a) more than 80 mass movement events.
(b) rotational movements in an Anchorage subdivision.
(c) a Richter scale reading of 8.6.
(d) a strong earthquake but little mass wasting of the landscape.
33. What is located at 60d00'N, 85d00'W?
(a) Quebec, Canada
(b) Dublin, Ireland
(c) Lake Superior
d) Hudson Bay
34. A mass of air is saturated when it reaches the
(a) highest temperature of the day.
(b) lowest temperature of the day.
(c) dew point temperature.
(d) specific humidity point.
35. Look for a map of the Normal Annual Range in Temperature (on the atlas recommended in the syllabus or the internet). What part of the world has the largest annual rage in temperature based on this map?
(a) North Eastern Eurasia
(b) Central North America
(c) Australia
(d) The Indian Ocean
36. Beijing, China is located at:
(a) 68d20'N, 182d15'W
(b) 39d55'N, 116d23'W
(c) 39d55'N, 116d23'E
(d) 68d20'N, 182d15'E
37. The largest material which can be carried by a stream is carried as
(a) bed load.
(b) suspended load.
(c) dissolved load.
(d) truck load.
38. Which of the following is true of soil color?
(a) Color does not reflect composition or chemical makeup.
(b) Dark soils always indicate high organic content.
(c) For consistency of description, a soil color chart is employed by soil scientists.
d) Soil color is restricted to the top horizon of the soil pedon.
39. Which of the following cities has the largest temperature range (max - min)?
(a) Timbo
(b) Astrakhan
(c) Verkhoyansk
(d) Barrow
40. See the July Normal temperature map on page 17 of the atlas recommended in the syllabus. What is the normal temperature range found at 30d00'N, 90d00'W?
(a) -1C to 10C
(b) 10C to 21C
(c) 21C to 32C
(d) Over 32C
41. Which of the following is not true about jet streams?
(a) They are flattened in vertical cross section.
(b) They average 160-480 km wide.
(c) They are strongest in the summer.
(d) There is more than one jet stream.
42. Based on principles discussed earlier in the course, you know that the annual temperature range of places located in the interior of a continent is ____ those places located along the coast at the same altitude.
(a) greater than
(b) less than
(c) the same as
43. If you were driving down the highway and saw mountains composed of layered strata, you could be confident that you were looking at
(a) sedimentary rocks.
(b) extrusive igneous rock.
(c) a shield volcano.
(d) batholiths or laccoliths.
44. Which of the following is NOT true about tides?
(a) They are produced solely by the gravitational pull of the sun.
(b) They are complex daily oscillations in sea level.
(c) They are influenced by the size, depth, and topography of ocean basins.
(d) They are influenced by shoreline configuration and latitude.
45. The reflective quality of a surface is known as its:
(a) conduction
(b) absorption
(c) albedo
(d) scattering
46. Climate is ____________________.
(a) the weather of a region.
(b) the short-term condition of the atmosphere.
(c) the long-term atmospheric condition -- including extremes.
(d) a reference to temperature patterns only.
47. In the mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere, slopes that face ___ have more trees on them because ____.
(a) south; they receive more direct sunshine for photosynthesis
(b) south; they receive more rainfall
(c) north; they are more moist
(d) north; they receive more direct sunshine
48. Ocean floor subducts under continents because ______________.
(a) the ocean floor has a lower density and therefore sinks more easily.
(b) the ocean floor is made of felsic materials and is heavier than continental material.
(c) the ocean floor is made of mafic material and is therefore more dense than continental material.
(d) the weight of the continents is so great that they push the ocean floor material downward.
49. Volcanic activity located away from plate boundaries is associated with _______________.
(a) subduction and melting of plates.
(b) hot spots.
(c) rift zones.
(d) meteor impact.
50. What is the cause of the observation that 'overall earth surface temperature is warmer in July than January'?
(a) Heat capacity & latent heat
(b) Apehelion & perihelion
(c) Hadley cells
(d) The Grossrobin effect
In: Other
A set of data was recorded for the reaction of decomposition of H2O2. The data is shown in table 3 Copy the data from table 3 in an Excel spreadsheet. Table 3 Time (min) [H2O2] 0 0.300 1 0.221 5 0.107 10 0.065 15 0.047 20 0.037 In Excel, add two columns to calculate the ln and inverse of the concentration. Make a prediction (guess) which order the reaction is with respect to H2O2. Plot the data and see if the plot obtained is linear, if it’s not change your prediction (guess again). For example, if you predict that the order of the reaction is zero, you will plot the data in the column [H2O2] vs time. If the plot you obtain is liner, you will have found out that the order of the reaction with respect to H2O2 is zero. If the plot is not linear, you will conclude that the order of the reaction with respect to H2O2 is NOT zero but you still will not know if it is first or second order. To find out, you will have to build another plot until you find a linear one.
When you finish, answer the questions below 1. Which plot is linear? 2. What is the order of the reaction with respect to H2O2? 3. What is the value of k? 4. Write the rate law for the reaction.
In: Other
In: Other
HISTORY SUBJECT:
Which of the advances of the Scientific Revolution was the most significant? Why?
In: Other
It describes the properties of dangerous goods, but which of the following is incorrect? (1) Yellow phosphorus is a white or pale yellow aromatic waxy solid. (2) Calcium phosphide is a reddish brown lump and reacts with water to produce toxic gas. (3) Calcium carbide is pure white solid. When nitrogen is passed at a constant temperature, it becomes lime nitrogen. (4) Sodium is a bright silver-white metal with a specific gravity of less than 1. (5) Potassium is a bright silver-white soft metal with a specific gravity of less than 1 and a lower melting point and boiling point than sodium.
In: Other
We are in an extraordinary and frightening period of world history, facing the type of crisis that, hopefully, we only see once every century or two. You know that two or three years from now, Hollywood, if it survives, will be releasing the “Corona Virus Film”, whether that is the appropriate or ethical thing to do or not.
What do you think this film will look like? How will filmmakers look back in time and tell the story. Sadly, we do not know where we will be in a few years and what the true global impact will be. For this assignment, I want you to be the filmmaker. What story do you tell? How do you tell it? What characters and visuals do you use to tell the story? Where do you set it? What is the ending? We are all a small part of this film you are creating. Please be thoughtful, respectful and creative in your work. This is a crisis that is impacting all of us and your film needs to reach a global audience.
Your paper should be between two and three pages,
In: Other
Please select one section of the geologic time scale and do the following:
1. Select one part (either a period or an epoch).
2, What types of fossils can be found? What about major rock types? Geologic conditions? Geologic structures?
3. What types of organisms lived during this time?
4. Where there any major geologic events (massive volcanism, meteorite impacts, extinction events)?
5. Include references where you found your information.
In: Other
facilities services use a “cooling with dehumidification” system campus-wide. The system is designed to have two stages where in the first stage, the moist air is cooled down while the condensate is exctracted to dehumidify the mixture. Then, in the second stage, the saturated moist air is heated up using heating coils that utilize steam. Assume that the operating pressure is uniform at 1 atm. On a typical hot and humid summer day, air enters the air-conditioning system at 30◦ C with 90% relative humidity and is supplied to the air-conditioned spaces at 18◦ C and 60% relative humidity:
(a) Clearly mark the inlet and exit states of this air-conditioning process on a standard psychrometric chart (use Figure A-31 from your textbook). Also, show on this chart the complete air-conditioning process in between the inlet and exit states.
(b) Calculate the amount of condensed water that will be extracted from the moist air per unit mass of the dry air (in kg H2O/kg of dry air) inside the dehumidifier?
(c) Assume that moist air enters this system at a volumetric flow rate of 100 m3/min. Determine the mass flow rate of dry air (in kg/s) throughout the system.
(d) Determine the rate of heat removed from moist air in the cooling/dehumidifier section (in kJ/s or kW)
(e) Determine the rate of heat added to moist air in the heating section (in kJ/s or kW)
(f) Assume the steam system that is used for heating the moist air stops working due to a malfunction. Determine the temperature of the saturated moist air that will be supplied to conditioned spaces (in ◦ C)
(g) Technicians work on restoring the steam power for the heating section but the system is at 50% operational conditions. Determine the temperature (in ◦ C) and the relative humidity of the moist air that will be supplied to the conditioned spaces.
In: Other
How is the seasonal cycle different in the Northern Hemisphere versus the Southern hemisphere and how does this affect levels in CO2?
In: Other
In: Other
Case Study
This case study is about the nuclear disaster of Chernobyl in 1984. It covers all the ethical mistakes and aspects involved in the occurring of the disaster. The ethical dilemmas, responsibilities, whistle blowing & cultural norms of engineers are discussed in it.
The Chernobyl disaster was a catastrophic nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April, 1986 at 1:23:45 AM at the No. 4 nuclear reactor in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian SSR. It is one of only two nuclear disasters rated as INES 7, the maximum severity classification.
The accident started during a safety test on a common Soviet reactor, the RBMK type.
A very large amount of energy was suddenly released vaporizing superheated cooling water and rupturing the reactor pressure vessel in a highly destructive steam explosion. This was immediately followed by an open-air reactor core fire. The core fire released considerable airborne radioactive contamination for about nine days which precipitated onto parts of the USSR and Western Europe, before being finally contained on 4 May 1986. The radioactive contamination dispersed over this period was approximately the same amount as that released during the initial explosion. Thirty-six hours after the accident, a 10-kilometre exclusion zone was created, with the rapid evacuation of 49,000 people, primarily from Pripyat, and this was increased from 10 to 30 km shortly after when a further 68,000 persons were evacuated, including from the town of Chernobyl itself.
From years of research we know what technically went wrong in Chernobyl disaster. Write few things, what “Ethically” went wrong while keeping in mind following points.
Question number 1:
Question Number 2:
In: Other
What of the following statements is true for refracting telescopes?
In: Other
A liquid stream ,F, containing A and B is fed to a distillation column.
If the rectification operating equation is of the form y = mx + b
(in terms of the more volatile component):
1) What is the slope, m, of the rectification operating line?
(Correct answer is 0.75610)
2) What is the intercept, b, of the rectification operating line?
(Correct answer is 0.21951)
3) What is the intersection of the feed and rectification operating
lines, x , y? (Correct answer is 0.620995, 0.689045)
*The correct answers are there please show work on how to get the answer given*
In: Other
For SO2 oxidation, a mixture of 28% SO2 and 72% air is fed into the flow reactor with a volumetric flow rate of 1500 L/s. The following reaction is carried out at 14.7 atm pressure and 227°C temperature. 2SO2 + O2 = 2SO3 2 2 (-Ra )= 200(L / mol.s) .Cso2.Co2
a) Create a stoichiometric table.
b) Find the concentrations of the components fed to the reactor.
c) Find the CSTR reactor volume required for 60% conversion.
d) If a PFR reactor was used at the same volume of CSTR, what would be the conversion rate and what would be the component concentrations at the reactor outlet
In: Other