Dynamic and control process

in a water tank in the toiled

what is the controlled variable?

what is the disturbance variable?

what is the manipulated variable?

Air at 25°C is flowing over 400°C hot iron ball with a velocity of 10 m/s. The diameter of the iron ball is 10 cm diameter and (p =7874 kg/m³ and c_P = 450 J/kg.K). After a while the surface temperature of the ball drops to 300°C.

1. Determine the average rate of heat transfer from the ball.
2. How long will it take to drop from 400°C to 300°C.
3. Calculate the drag force. (The surface of the ball is smooth.)

Explain the procedure for defining the hysteresis loop class for adsorption and
desorption isotherms?
Minimum word limit 600

Plagiarism 10%max

There are 4 factors that can affect the rate of a chemical reaction:

A. A) viscosity, nature of the reactants, temperature, and hydrogen bonding B. B) nature of the reactants, catalyst, temperature, and density C. C) density, temperature, catalyst and concentration D. D) nature of the reactants, temperature, the order of the reactants, and half life E. E) concentration, nature of the reactants, temperature, and order of reactants. F. F) none the above

A fuel mixture consists of 90% octane (C₈H₁₈) and 10% ethyl alcohol (C₂H₅OH), by volume. This fuel mixture is burned with 200% theoretical dry air in a combustion chamber at atmospheric pressure.

a) Write the balanced reaction equation for complete combustion of this fuel mixture.

b) Determine the theoretical air-fuel ratio.

c) Actual air-flow rate for a fuel mixture flow rate of 5 kg/s.

d) Calculate the molar mass of the mixture product gases.

Discuss the role of warm water in the formation and persistence of a hurricane, referencing your observations about Sea Surface Tempature in the Atlantic and Gulf and what happened to Katrina after landfall.

During a formal debate on the hazards of air pollution, one team argues that ozone is helpful to the atmosphere, and the other team argues that it is destructive. Explain why both teams are correct.

Please write clear.

What is the definition of pe? How does it differ from Eh? What is ORP? How does ORP relate to pe and Eh?

Explain the difference in the efficiencies of the fuels based on the chemical structures of the fuels. The 2 fuels are: Fuel canister (Isopropanol/Water) and Tea candle (paraffin).

Diethylene glycol is an organic compound used as a fuel in heating cans. Based on its structure, how do you hypothesize its energy efficiency (cal/g) compared to isopropanol and paraffin wax?

What are the possible sources of error in this experiment? How could the errors be reduced in future experiments?

Charis conducted an experiment to study the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) relationship in van der Waals equation of state of an unknown gas W. The experimental results were recorded in Table 3.1. Table 3.1: PVT relationship of gas W Temperature (˚C) Pressure (atm) Molar volume (ft3/lb-mole) 0 20.12 8 30 13.38 25 (a) Prove that the value of constant a = 2158.86 atm. (ft3/lb-mole)2 and determine the value of b (in ft3/lb-mole) using all the data in Table 3.1. (b) If the critical pressure, Pc of the gas is 45 atm, determine the best possible gas W in the experiment based on Table B.1 in the text book.

A hot dog with a diameter of roughly 2 cm and initial temperature 20°C is dropped into pool of 95°C water. The heat transfer coefficient may be assumed to be constant and equal to 200 W/m²⋅K. The meat thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are approximately 0.4 W/m⋅K and 0.0014 cm²/s.
a. How long do we have to wait until the center of the hot dog warms up to 65°C
b. Estimate the hot dog surface temperature at the time calculated in part (a)

A large sheet of material 40 mm thick contains dissolved hydrogen (H₂) having a uniform concentration of 3 kmol/m³. The sheet is exposed to a fluid stream that causes the concentration of the dissolved hydrogen to be suddenly reduced to zero at both surfaces. This surface condition is maintained constant thereafter. If the mass diffusivity of hydrogen is 9 × 10^-7 m²/s, how much time is required to bring the density of dissolved hydrogen to a value of 1.2 kg/m³ at the center of the sheet?

Steel balls 12 mm in diameter are annealed by heating to
1150 K and then slowly cooling to 400 K in an air
environment for which T_∞ = 325 K and h = 20 W/m²⋅K.
Assuming the properties of the steel to be k = 40 W/m⋅K,  =
7800 kg/m³ and C_p = 600 J/kg⋅K, estimate the time required
for the cooling process.

The steady flow rate of steam through an adiabatic turbine is 2.5 kg/s . The steam at 600 ^oc and 10 bar enters the turbine through pipeline 10 cm in diameter. The steam exits the turbine through at pipeline 25 cm in diameter at a temperature 400 ^oc and pressure of 1 bar.

1. State the steady flow energy equation
2. At the inlet conditions of the turbine, obtain from steam tables

                The saturation temperature of steam at 10 bar

                 Specific volume

                 Specific internal energy

                 Specific enthalpy

Calculate

1. The degree of superheat
2. The cross sectional area of inlet pipeline
3. Inlet velocity

3. At the outlet conditions of the turbine, from the steam tables, read

The saturation temperature of steam at 1 bar

Specific volume

Specific internal energy

Specific enthalpy

Calculate

1. The degree of superheat
2. The cross sectional area of inlet pipeline
3. Inlet velocity

4. Calculate the change in enthalpy across turbine
5. Calculate the change in kinetic energy across the turbine
6. Calculate the work obtained from the turbine