Please complete entire table
Muscles of the trunk (posterior):
|
Muscle |
Origin/Insertion |
Primary Action |
|
Trapezius |
O: occipital bone and spinous processes of all thoracic vertebrae I: clavicle and scapula |
Extends neck |
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Deltoid |
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Latissimus dorsi |
Muscles of the arm and forearm:
|
Muscle |
Origin/Insertion |
Primary Action |
|
Biceps brachii |
O: scapula I: radius |
Flexion at elbow |
|
Brachialis |
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Brachioradialis |
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Triceps brachii |
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Flexor carpi ulnaris |
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Extensor carpi ulnaris |
In: Anatomy and Physiology
Please complete entire table
Muscles of the trunk (anterior):
|
Muscle |
Origin/Insertion |
Primary Action |
|
Pectoralis minor |
O: ribs I: coracoid process of scapula |
Depresses shoulder |
|
Pectoralis major |
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Internal Intercostal |
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External Intercostal |
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External Oblique |
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Rectus abdominus |
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Transverse abdominus |
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Diaphragm |
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Serratus anterior |
In: Anatomy and Physiology
Given what you have considered in the previous questions, explain why insulin must be injected rather than eaten.
In: Anatomy and Physiology
In an unusual population of humans (we’ll call them pressurites), blood pressures tend to be much higher than normal, with systolic pressures averaging about 160 mm Hg, and diastolic pressures about 110 mm Hg. Probably because of this, pressurites have a high incidence of stroke. Your job is to begin to figure out what might be wrong.
You discover that heart rates, stroke volumes and heart size are all normal. List two possible causes of high blood pressure that these data eliminate? 2 pts
Their sodium intake and urine function seems normal. Why is this relevant to high blood pressure? 1 pt
They show no evidence of high cholesterol, or arteriosclerosis. Why is this relevant to high blood pressure? 1 pt
You calculate their total peripheral resistance, and it is higher than normal. Describe three possible causes of high total peripheral resistance that are plausible, given the evidence. 3 pts
Describe experimental tests for each of these three possible causes of elevated total peripheral resistance, and what data would support or refute the potential cause you are testing. 3 pts
In: Anatomy and Physiology
Efferent division of the nervous system (human) (select the MOST CORRECT statement):
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Autonomic preganglionic neurons always communicate with postganglionic neurons through the release of acetylcholine. |
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Motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscle are always excitatory. |
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Sweat glands are innervated by sympathetic neurons only, and are not regulated by parasympathetic neurons. |
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Both a) and b) are correct and c) is incorrect. |
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a), b) and c) are all correct. |
Regarding mammalian nervous systems (select the MOST CORRECT statement):
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The cerebellum is involved with the coordination of body movements. |
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Microglia function as immune cells in the central nervous system. |
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Grey matter in the spinal cord is associated with myelinated axons. |
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Both a) and b) are correct and c) is incorrect. |
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a), b) and c) are all correct. |
In: Anatomy and Physiology
Regarding the human brain (select the MOST CORRECT statement):
|
The primary motor cortex is located in the frontal lobe. |
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The diencephalon is composed of two structures, the cerebral cortex and the thalamus. |
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Sensory information from the skin of the big toe is relayed via ascending spinal tracts to the primary motor cortex |
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Both a) and b) are correct and c) is incorrect. |
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a), b) and c) are all correct. |
Human sensory systems (select the MOST CORRECT statement):
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Sensory information for both vision and touch is relayed to separate regions of the cerebral cortex, but in both cases relies on ascending spinal tracts to reach the brain. |
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The location of a stimulus such as touch is coded by the amplitude of the action potentials in the afferent neuron. |
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Baroreceptors in the aortic arch respond to changes in blood pressure that are sensed by mechanoreceptors. |
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Both a) and b) are correct and c) is incorrect. |
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a), b) and c) are all correct. |
In: Anatomy and Physiology
Select the MOST CORRECT answer. In a cardiac myocyte, changes in the permeability of ions can lead to a change in membrane potential. In...
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A conducting cardiac myocyte, the rapid depolarization is caused by the opening of T-type calcium channels. |
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A contractile cardiac myocyte, the rapid depolarization is caused by the opening of L-type calcium channels. |
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Both conducting and contracting cardiac myocytes, the influx of sodium and calcium cause the membrane to depolarize and the efflux of potassium causes repolarization. |
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Both a) and b) are correct and c) is incorrect. |
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a), b) and c) are all correct. |
Select the MOST CORRECT answer. An athlete was attempting to improve their performance through doping, the act of taking illegal drugs to increase red blood cell count. Unfortunately, the athlete experienced a reduction of performance instead. Which of the following best explains this outcome?
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Heart rate and stroke volume were increased and therefore cardiac output was reduced. |
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An increase in the viscosity of the blood caused total peripheral resistance to increase, which reduced blood flow. |
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A decrease in mean arterial pressure resulted because of the increase in total blood volume. Because the bulk blood flow was equal between both sides of the heart, the stroke volume decreased over time. |
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Both a) and b) are correct and c) is incorrect. |
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a), b) and c) are all correct. |
In: Anatomy and Physiology
In: Anatomy and Physiology
1.What happens when more than one sperm fertilizes an egg? Do you get a “viable” pregnancy? Why or why not?
2.What is the role of the collecting ducts in maintaining homeostasis
In: Anatomy and Physiology
Apply information from Module 5- Cardiovascular System. For your discussion board post, list two risk factors for cardiovascular disease and briefly comment on societal impact. List two lifestyle modifications for prevention of cardiovascular disease. Respond to at least one other student's post and cite your references in APA format.
In: Anatomy and Physiology
1.What role do the hormones FSH and LH play in male sexual development
2.Describe how a primordial follicle develops into a Graffian follicle and ovulates, and then what happens to the follicle?
3.Explain how high blood pressure can damage your kidneys
In: Anatomy and Physiology
1.Alcohol inhibits the production of ADH. What effect will this have on urine production? What do we call a molecule that has this effect
2.What are the different compartments of the body and how does fluid move between them.
In: Anatomy and Physiology
1.How does female hormonal birth control work? If you were to develop a male hormonal birth control, what pathway would you target and why?
2.What happens when more than one sperm fertilizes an egg? Do you get a “viable” pregnancy? Why or why not
In: Anatomy and Physiology
1.List three different molecules that are filtered OUT of the blood by the glomerulus. What do these molecules have in common?
2.What types of molecules are reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule? What is the primary method of reabsorption in the PCT? What ion is involved?
In: Anatomy and Physiology
Body Mass = 85.7 kg ISF hydrostatic pressure = 1 mmHg
Hematocrit = 45% ISF osmotic pressure = 0 mmHg
Blood pressure = 117/72 (mmHg) Arteriole end of capillary hydrostatic pressure = 34 mmHg
Ejection Fraction = 60% Net Filtration Pressure (arteriole end) = 11 mmHg
EDV = 140 ml Net Filtration Pressure (venule end) = -8 mmHg
Cardiac Output = 6.3 L/min
In: Anatomy and Physiology