What energy system recovers most slowly with repeated sprints and why?

a) glycolysis

b)oxidative phosphorylation

c)phosphocreatine hydrolysis

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As a third year medical, you find yourself the only “doctor” on duty in the Emergency Room (ER) when the residents, having been working for 36 hours, are trying to catch some sleep. A 62 year old male patient has been brought into the ER that is severely dehydrated. Not wanting to disturb the residents, you tried to administer water orally, but the patient vomited. Realizing the emergency and need to hydration, you grab the first sterile fluid available to you, sterile water, and administer 1 liter intravenously (IV).

The questions that follow are to determine the consequences of your actions. Assume that the patient weighs 160 lbs with a hematocrit of 54%. The osmolarity of the patient’s blood before the infusion is 300 mOsm/L.

Predict the direction of change (increase, decrease or not change) you expect the infusion to have on the following parameters:

Based on the patient’s weight, calculate their plasma volume before you administered the IV. Average blood volume in a male is 75 mL per Kg. (show calculations)

Plasma volume (Liters) ____________

Use this number to calculate the osmolality of the patient’s blood after the IV. (show calculations)

Osmolality (mOsm/L)___________

After your treatment, the patient’s condition got much worse so a resident was called. The resident drew blood for routine lab tests, one of which is determining the hematocrit. The lab tech reports the hematocrit is lower than when the patient came in (only 45% down from 54%) and the plasma portion was pink. The resident immediately infused the patient with Lactated Ringers.

Why was the patient’s plasma pink?

If you had given the patient a sterile sucrose solution instead of sterile distilled water, what would the concentration of sucrose would need to be used to prevent the above condition?

The resident, figuring out what you had done, infused the patient with 1 L of 600 mM sucrose solution (600 mOsm/L). Based on the plasma volume and osmolarity after your infusion, predict the following parameters as to whether they will increase, decrease or show no change.

Assuming that none of the 600 mOsm/L sucrose administered was absorbed or excreted, calculate the final plasma osmolality.

Final plasma osmolality ___________

3. Cancer is a disease related to uncontrolled cell division. Investigate two known causes for these rapidly dividing cells and use this knowledge to invent a drug that would inhibit the growth of cancer cells. ”

”2. What stage were most of the onion root tip cells in? Why does this make sense? ”

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”3. As a cell grows, what happens to its surface area : volume ratio? (Think of a balloon being blown up). How is this changing ratio related to cell division? ”

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”4. What is the function of mitosis in a cell that is about to divide? ”

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”5. What would happen if mitosis were uncontrolled? ”

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Compare Stage 1 of Hodgkin’s disease to Stage 3 for symptoms and efficacy of treatment. Include in your answer specific facts, data, examples,

True or False: When a muscle contracts, the movable bone moves AWAY from the muscle's origin?

Annotated Bibliography on Immigration Health

8 scholarly Articles sources

APA format and write abstract in your own words

Explain the process for assessing the variable field strength exposure of a person in an RF/microwave field.

1. Salivary amylase is a digestive enzyme which begins the digestion of ____

   1. Proteins

   2. Starch

   3. Lipids

   4. Glucose

   5. Nucleic acids

2. The ____ exits directly from the gallbladder

   1. Right hepatic duct

   2. Left hepatic duct

   3. Cystic duct

   4. Common bile duct

   5. Common hepatic duct

3. All of the following are areas of the stomach except ____

   1. Cardia

   2. Duodenum

   3. Fundus

   4. Body

   5. pylorus

4. Mumps is an inflammation and enlargement of the ___

   1. Appendix

   2. Gallbladder

   3. Pancreas

   4. Parotid glands

   5. tonsils

Answer the following questions in complete sentences.

1. To facilitate transport, the plasma membrane of a cell is selectively permeable. Define this term.
2. What is a solution? Describe and give examples of the two major components of solutions.
3. Explain concentration and concentration gradient.
4. Define diffusion and osmosis.
5. Compare and contrast diffusion and osmosis. Give at least 2 differences and 2 similarities.

Two stable cell lines generated from the RAS oncogene are cancerous, and now, with the ubiquitin thiolesterase (UCHL1) gene over-expression.

1. Propose a hypothesis to explain the differences in transient vs stable overexpression of the UCHL1 gene results.

2. Next, propose a series of experiments to test your hypothesis with controls.

What permeability changes would you expect to occur at the postsynaptic neuron to result in hyperpolarization?    

(P=permeability)

A 35 year old woman comes to her primary care provider with the chief complaint of severe insomnia. She states that it is very difficult for her to fall asleep and stay asleep. She says she has lost 18 pounds over 4 months. She now has a BMI of 19. She seems nervous and is easily irritable. She is afebrile, has a heart rate of 106 per minute, blood pressure of 146/78 and respiratory rate of 20. Her eye examination reveals mild strabismus and lid lag. There are no palpable neck masses, although her thyroid gland seems somewhat enlarged and nontender. Her hands are sweaty and have a fine tremor. Her reflexes are very brisk. She takes no medications other than her daily multivitamin. Her CBC and serum electrolytes are within normal limits. Serum TSH is 0.1 mIU/L (Normal range: 0.4 – 4.2).   

1. What is your presumptive diagnosis?
2. Which signs and symptoms lead you to your presumptive diagnosis?
3. How do you interpret the TSH results?
4. What is the differential diagnosis?
5. How would you confirm your diagnosis?

Write a 200-300 word entry describing in your own words (showing you understand the physiology) of how positive pressure therapy can affect one of the factors below:

Which of the following characteristics are part of the parasympathetic nervous system and which are part of the sympathetic nervous system? Also indicate if they are found in both systems: Long preganglionic fibers Innervates the smooth muscle of

blood vessels

Collateral ganglia

Terminal ganglia