Questions
Hominid Anatomy Lab Terms   Response for chart Sagital crest - crest of bone across the top...

Hominid Anatomy Lab

Terms   Response for chart

Sagital crest - crest of bone across the top of the skull yes or no

Facial Prognathism - protruding jaw    yes or no

Browridges - bony protrusion above eyes Yes or no

Post-orbital constriction - constriction of cranium behind eye orbits Yes or no

Location of eye socket - placement of eyes    forward or to the side

Dental formula    2-1-3-3 or 2-1-2-3

Projecting canines - large, long canine teeth projecting beyond tooth row yes or no

Diastema - gap in tooth row to allow for projecting canines yes or no

Characteristic Gorilla Homo Erectus Homo sapien
sagital crest
facial prognathism
brow ridges
post-orbital constriction
location of eye socket
dental formula
projecting canines
diastema

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Describe in detail how an action potential is generated in a neuron. In your answer, identify...

Describe in detail how an action potential is generated in a neuron. In your answer, identify all the phases and specify the membrane potential and the events occurring at each phase.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Explain structural strain theory. List and define the five modes of adaptation.

Explain structural strain theory. List and define the five modes of adaptation.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

1. Outline the physiology of inspiration vs. expiration. Consider these things: the muscles involved, if these...

1. Outline the physiology of inspiration vs. expiration. Consider these things: the muscles involved, if these muscles are contracting or relaxing, the way volumes and pressures are changing in the thoracic cavity, and the relationship between these pressures and volumes.

2. What does it mean if a system has negative pressure? What forces cause the negative intrapleural pressure between breaths?

In: Anatomy and Physiology

In your own words Tuberculosis -main causative organism -what happens with this infection? -does a positive...

In your own words
Tuberculosis
-main causative organism
-what happens with this infection?
-does a positive TB test mean you necessarily have active disease?
-how is it transmitted?
-note the infection can spread to other organs besides the lungs
-note the treatment for this disorder
List the more common diagnostic methods used for respiratory disorders.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

During endochondral ossification, the very first step in turning a hyaline model into bone is secondary...

During endochondral ossification, the very first step in turning a hyaline model into bone is

secondary ossification

bone collar formation

primary ossification

chondrocyte hypertrophy

Action potentials on the surface of the sarcolemma originate at the

A.

T-tubules

B.

sarcomere

C.

neuromuscular junction

D.

Z-disk

The most immediate, most effective source of ATP for a muscle fiber that needs to perform at maximum output for a short period of time (less than 10 seconds) is

A.

aerobic respiration

B.

phosphagen system

C.

anaerobic respiration

D.

glycolysis

During contraction of the sarcomere, the role of Ca+2 is to

A.

bind to troponin

B.

bind to tropomyosin

C.

provide the energy for myosin to pull on actin

D.

propagate action potentials

In: Anatomy and Physiology

If a muscle fiber is stimulated repeatedly, but not allowed to completely relax between contractions, it...

If a muscle fiber is stimulated repeatedly, but not allowed to completely relax between contractions, it will exhibit stronger tension as the stimulation becomes more frequent. This is an example of

A. treppe

B. asynchronous motor unit recruitment

C. multiple wave summation

D. tetany

At rest, a skeletal muscle fiber has a sarcolemma that is

A. depolarized

B. polarized with a positive charge on the outside and negative charge on the inside

C. polarized with a negative charge outside and positive charge inside

D. permeable to ions

In: Anatomy and Physiology

You now are given a normal sample of muscle tissue which contains many individual cells. The...

You now are given a normal sample of muscle tissue which contains many individual cells. The tissue is minced and digested with enzymes to liberate individual muscle cells. You are given a solution of Dextrose in half-normal saline (NaCl) which you are told is isosmotic but you are not told the concentration of Dextrose or NaCl but they are both present in the solution. In this case Dextrose is permeable to the cell. You place the isolated muscle cells in this solution. Assume all of the solutes inside the cell are not permeable to the cell membrane. What happens to the cells when you place them in this solution and it has reached equilibrium? (5 Points) a. The cells remain the same size b. The cells have increased in size; they swell c. The cells have decreased in size; they shrink d. There is not enough information given in the problem to determine what happens

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Laboratory Test: The patient was then subjected to a 2-hour water deprivation test followed by another...

Laboratory Test: The patient was then subjected to a 2-hour water deprivation test followed by another blood chemistry profile and urinalysis. Of note, serum osmolality increased to 329mOsm/kg while serum ADH, urine specific gravity and urine osmolality remained unchanged.

Questions to Consider:

  1. Why did the patient’s serum osmolality increase?

Follow-up and Diagnosis: The patient was then injected with a drug called DDAVP (desmopressin) which mimics the actions of ADH. One hour after the injection, serum osmolality decreased to 292mOsm/kg and urine osmolality increased to 480mOsm/kg. Based on the patient’s medical history, the results from lab tests and the, you make the differential diagnosis of idiopathic central diabetes insipidus.

Questions to Consider:

.

  1. Why do you suspect serum osmolality decreased? Why do you suspect urine osmolality increased? Based on these results, what is happening to water?

  1. What do these results suggest is the underlying cause of diabetes insipidus?

  1. How does the diuresis experienced in diabetes insipidus differ mechanistically from that experienced by a patient with diabetes mellitus?

In: Anatomy and Physiology

1. The following statement is similar to those you might see on exams. Write a paragraph...

1. The following statement is similar to those you might see on exams. Write a paragraph of 3-5 sentences describing 1) whether the statement is correct or incorrect and 2) the reasoning for your answer. Your answer should demonstrate your understanding of the physiological concepts underlying the statement and be written professionally.

Cortisol elicits a change in gene expression in every cell that it enters.

PLEASE USE PHYSIOLOGICAL REASONING

In: Anatomy and Physiology

2) The primary benefits of anaerobic training come from increased strength and improved enzyme function. Conversely,...

2) The primary benefits of anaerobic training come from increased strength and improved enzyme function. Conversely, aerobic training induces significant changes to the cardiovascular system including increase in heart size (cardiac hypertrophy) and function. Explain how this adaptation in heart structure changes resting and submaximal stroke volume and heart rate, and how those changes relate to VO2.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Goblet cells

Goblet cells

In: Anatomy and Physiology

5- Please explain where is produced the fecundation. Which hormones are produced in the placenta?

5- Please explain where is produced the fecundation. Which hormones are produced in the placenta?

In: Anatomy and Physiology

3- Please EXPLAIN the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone axis.

3- Please EXPLAIN the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone axis.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

4- What are the functions of FSH and LH in female and males?

4- What are the functions of FSH and LH in female and males?

In: Anatomy and Physiology