Jimmy is in a car accident. He can't open his mouth and has been told that he suffers from the following: black eye, broken nose, broken cheek, broken upper jaw, damaged eye socket, and punctured lung. Describe exactly what structures have been affected by his car accident.

A patient who has recently been in a car accident no longer remembers how to tie his shoes or ride a bicycle. Which memory circuit was affected by the accident? Give two regions of his brain that have possibly been damaged as a result of this accident.

Explain the difference between respiratory and metabolic acidosis/alkalosis (yes also explain what acidosis and alkalosis mean) and what the body does to compensate for each in both the fast short term and the slower long term.

You are thrown from a bicycle while riding at speed on a gravel road. Immediately you start bleeding from several places where the gravel cut through your epidermis into your dermis and broke numerous blood vessels.

Your body's first response to this injury is to begin the process known as [a]. This process has three steps.

1. [b]: the [e] in the tunica media of your damaged blood vessels begins to contract, [f] blood flow to this portion of vessel, in an attempt to limit blood loss. Also, the [f1] of your tunica interna become "sticky" in an effort to help kick off the next step...
2. [c]: [g] circulating in your blood are attracted to exposed [h] and to the [f2] that became "sticky" at the end of step one. They begin to form a [i] and also begin to activate more cells of the same type to join them.
3. [d]: [q] factor (factor [1]) is released by damaged extravascular tissue. Together with the mineral [j], this factor activates factor [2], completing the [k] pathway. This factor activates factor [3], beginning the [l] pathway. Next, factor [4] is activated, then factor [5], known as [m]. This last factor initiates a [n] feedback cycle, activating more of itself as well as activating factor [6], known as [o1], a meshwork of which begins to form the actual [p1]. Finally, factor [7] is activated to strengthen the clot and begin its retraction. Blood cells of various sorts get caught in the [o2] mesh and help to solidify the [p2], stopping blood loss until the endothelial cells and rebuild the vessel lining.

WORD BANK:

• clot

• positive

• endothelial cells

• intrinsic

• platelet activation

• collagen fibers

• fibrin

• inflammation

• reducing

• extrinsic

• hemostasis

• coagulation

• tissue

• smooth muscle

• leukocytes

• vascular spasm

• calcium

• hemopoiesis

• thrombin

• common

• increasing

• magnesium

• thrombocytes

• negative

• plug

• I

• II

• III

• IV

• V

• VII

• IX

• X

• XI

• XIII

_____ The conducting zone of the respiratory system performs all of the following functions EXCEPT

a. Humidify air

b. Exchange gases

c. Warm the incoming air

d. Get rid of inhaled debris

_____ The tonsils are located in the

a. Laryngopharynx and behind the tongue

b. Nasopharynx and the laryngopharynx

c. Oropharynx and nasopharynx

d. Oral cavity and trachea

_____ Gas exchange in the kidney occurs

a. At the glomerulus

b. At the vasa recta

c. At the peritubular capillaries

d. B and C

_____The mucosa (inside lining) of the oropharynx is composed of

a. Stratified squamous epithelium

b. Hyaline cartilage

c. Simple squamous epithelium

d. Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

The blood type of a person’s blood depends on which of the following factors?

• A. Which of the three antigens, A, B, and/or O, are located on the surface of the erythrocytes.

• B. Which of two antigens, Rh+ or Rh-, are located on the surface of the erythrocytes.

• C. Which of the two antigens, A or B or both, are located on the surface of the erythrocytes.

• D. Whether or not the Rh antigen is found on the surface of the erythrocytes.

• E. The blood type depends on both C and D.

Digestion enzymes

which cells release these proteins; which digestive tract organs release what substances? From which cells? What are the functions of these organs? What hormones affect stomach and duodenum activity?

Calculate the # of ATP produced from 16C FFA?

Which of the following is not part of the passageway through which air travels as it moves into the alveoli?

A. Upper esophageal sphincter

B. Trachea

C. Respiratory bronchioles

D. Glottis

E. pharynx