Benzodiazepines are positive allosteric modulators at the GABA-A receptor.

a) Describe how positive allosteric modulators affect receptor function.

b) Discuss the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines and their effect on central nervous system (CNS) activity.

c) GABA is also an agonist at GABA-B receptors, which are G protein coupled receptors that couple to Gi. Explain the signalling pathways that will be activated when GABA binds to the GABA-B receptor.

Describe the uterus from the sperm’s perspective

Why is the fallopian tube called “sperm heaven” in the film?

1. List as many features as you can that facilitate the mobility of the glenohumeral joint. Think about the shape of the capsule, shape of the joint surfaces, ligaments, structures around the joint, accessory joints, and bones that contribute to full range of movement around the shoulder. Consider how these affect the mobility of the shoulder joint and shoulder complex, and how they may be a tradeoff for loss of stability.

Factors increasing mobility of the joint:

- Bones:

- Capsule:

- Synovial membrane & bursae:

- Muscles:

- Accessory joints:

- Scapulo-humoral rhythm:

Factors maintaining stability of the joint:

- Labrum:

- Rotator cuff:

- Ligaments:

- Tendons:

When you talk about each factor, please focus on its role in either mobility and stability. For example, you don't have to describe the attachment of the capsule and the ligaments, but what is specific in the capsule to increase mobility, and how each ligament supports and stabilizes the joint. Another example about the rotator cuff muscles, you don't have to describe each muscle in detail, but how they are the most important factor in maintaining the stability of the joint.

Explain how a qualitative anatomical analysis can be applied to improve training technique. Why would a clinician or practitioner want to do this and how could it help?

How does sugar enter “the body” via the intestinal epithelia?  What carriers and pumps are involved in the passage? [Kidney proximal tube epi works the same.]

Look Out Below: A Case Study on Bone Tissue Structure and Repair An elderly patient arrived at the emergency room unconscious after an accident in which a heavy overhead shelf struck her arm. Upon auscultation, a large open wound on her arm was evident with what appears to be bone tissue sticking out of the skin. She also has bruises covering her left shoulder, left wrist, and lower back. To determine the extent of her injuries the patient undergoes several x-rays, which reveal the following:

5. Most connective tissue, including bone, is highly vascular. Which anatomical structures in the patient’s compact bone house blood vessels?

6. What term is used to describe the addition of new bone tissue? Identify which bone cell is responsible for this process and explain how it occurs.

7. What makes up the organic and inorganic portions of the bone’s extracellular matrix (ECM)? 8. Describe the structure of an osteon.

Discussion:

Further diagnostic tests on the patient revealed a lack of estrogen and calcium. Elaborate on how these factors may have made the injury worse. In normal conditions, what would be the response to falling calcium levels? Post your response and respond to two of your classmates using at least 3-5 sentences to receive full credit (10 points).

explain the following Neurotransmitters:
i. Serotonin
ii. Histamine
iii. Dopamine ( 5 marks each )
iv. Glycine
v. Glutamate
vi. Gama amino butyric acid (GABA)
vii. Nitric oxide (NO)

As a degree nurse on the ward you explained to a diploma student nurse, that in human,
all vital processes occur in a single cell. If she cares to know more, how would you answer
the questions below to her understanding?
a. What is a cell (1 mark)
b. With a well labeled diagram describe the human cell
c. Explain four functions of the human cell membrane
(Total Marks:

Choose a developmental domain covered in Module 2 (motor, self-care, cognitive). Provide a rationale for why development in this area is important for overall child development. Provide three strategies you would recommend caregivers implement at home to advance their childrens' skills in the chosen developmental domain.

What advantages might there be for infants to be born with more nerve cells (neurons) than they actually need or use?  

Think of language, for example. When a human infant is born, he/she has to ability to learn to speak any language that humans speak however, as the infant grows and is exposed to one predominant language in his/her home, this becomes the language that the child learns to speak. The child sounds like other native speakers of his/her language. Later, if the person decides to take a foreign language in high school, he/she will most likely sound like a foreign speaker when speaking the newly learned language or for some students, learning a foreign language is a rather difficult task.

In later life, if a person has a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) or what people in the community call "a stroke", and this person speaks more than one language, after the CVA, she/he will more likely be able to speak basically the first language learned. The second, third, etc. languages the person learned, will typically be very difficult for this person.

Example: Elisita was born into a Spanish speaking family in Mexico . Her parents spoke only Spanish in the home, as did Elisita's siblings and other relatives. Very few of Elisita's neighbors spoke English therefore Elisita was never exposed to the sound of English as a baby/toddler. When Elisita was two years of age, her family migrated to Chicago, Illinois. At age five, Elisita was enrolled in a public school where she was exposed to the English language at least six hours per day. She learned to speak English quite well. When Elisita was age sixty-nine, due to uncontrolled high blood pressure, she suffered a cerebral vascular accident. With some speech therapy she was able to recover a great deal of her Spanish language skills, but her ability to speak English was impaired.  

listing the glial cells in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. Discuss the functions of each cell.

what are major hormones secreted by the digestive organs and their functions?

LBeginning at the pinna and ending at the cochlea, list the structures involved in sound production and discuss their roles.