Questions
Good afternoon! Hope you are having a great day. I have a question about HIV treatments....

Good afternoon! Hope you are having a great day.
I have a question about HIV treatments.
Could you please describe Nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase (NRTIs) and what is the difference between Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).
Many thanks!

In: Anatomy and Physiology

compare and contrast the mucosa's between the esophagus and small intestine

compare and contrast the mucosa's between the esophagus and small intestine

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Define the role that calcium, Calcitriol, and parathyroid hormone play in bone remodeling

Define the role that calcium, Calcitriol, and parathyroid hormone play in bone remodeling

In: Anatomy and Physiology

discuss helminthic disease of blood and lymph in 2 pages

discuss helminthic disease of blood and lymph in 2 pages

In: Anatomy and Physiology

pick two of the nervous system pathologies to discuss from the list below.   For each selected...

pick two of the nervous system pathologies to discuss from the list below.  

For each selected pathology, you should provide the following information: an explanation of the underlying functional or structural deficit present in the condition, predicted deficits based on your knowledge of the normal function and structure of the nervous system (these are educated guesses based on your understanding of nervous system function), and an explanation of at least three signs/symptoms that are seen with this condition (based on sources found during research you have conducted into the chosen conditions). Your discussion MUST include an explanation describing how the deficit produces the observable signs/symptoms AND a statement describing how your chosen conditions affect homeostasis within the body.


Choose two of the following nervous system pathologies to discuss:

Parkinson’s disease

Tay-Sachs disease

Multiple sclerosis

Polio

Hydrocephalus

Guillain-Barré syndrome

Bell’s palsy

In: Anatomy and Physiology

State the important distinction between the terms 'serving size' and 'portion'. why do you think that...

State the important distinction between the terms 'serving size' and 'portion'. why do you think that portion sizes of many foods have generally gone up for many people? What might be at least one reason (that might even sound fairly logical) that foods with higher energy densities, and sometimes correspondingly lower nutrient densities, are eaten with greater frequency in many people's diets? .

. If the curve for sufficiency of intake of a given nutrient were narrower (tighter) and the distance between the UL and both the RDA and EAR thus less, how would this impact an individual's approach to attaining an adequate, but not excess, amount of such nutrient?

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Recall the pivotal work of Rosalind Franklin, James Watson and Francis Crick. It has been reported...

Recall the pivotal work of Rosalind Franklin, James Watson and Francis Crick. It has been reported that Franklin independently discovered the double helical nature of DNA, but was only mentioned in Watson’s and Crick’s published paper on the hypothesis of DNA structure.

View and read the references below. Based on these and your own research, do you feel that Franklin was given appropriate recognition for her contribution to the discovery of the double helical structure of DNA?

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Compare and contrast the structure, mechanical properties, and functions of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins...

  • Compare and contrast the structure, mechanical properties, and functions of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins in the cardiovascular system.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Imagine that you are part of a research team that specializes in diagnosing disorders associated with...

Imagine that you are part of a research team that specializes in diagnosing disorders associated with malfunctioning cellular organelles and structures.Medical doctors consult your group to help diagnose particularly difficult cases.  Read the patient history, physical examination and lab results to provide a cellular explanation for the case below. In the answer box type the tell the malfunctioning organelle (4 points) AND Rationale for Diagnosis (6 points) (explanation of how history, physical examination and laboratory results suggest diagnosis). Be sure to give all details as rationale counts majority of points.

Patient History:    

  • 2-day old male, Low birth-weight (4pds. 5 ounces), Difficulty suckling/swallowing, Seizures, Gastrointestinal bleeding

Physical Examination

  • Enlarged liver, Low muscle tone/inability to move, Glaucoma, Facial deformities, Impaired hearing
  • Jaundiced skin

Laboratory Results

  • High levels of hydrogen peroxide in cells
  • High levels of fats and amino acids in cells

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Patricia Jones, age 50 years, was diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) two years ago. IPF...

Patricia Jones, age 50 years, was diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) two years ago. IPF is a chronic, progressive lung disease with no cure. It results in fibrotic scarring and thickening of lungs tissue, impairing oxygen delivery. Despite her diagnosis, patricia continues to work full time at her job, taking the commuter train daily. However, over the past few weeks the demands of activities of daily living have become increasingly difficult. She complains of being tired, persistent dry cough, and extreme shortness of breath when climbing a flight of stairs. She had to take a medical leave from her job. The following information was obtained at her recent physical examination.

Arterial Blood Gases At Rest

PaO2

76 mm Hg

PaCO2

37 mm Hg

% Hgb Saturation

97%

Results of Pulmonary Function Tests at Rest

Total Lung Capacity

Decreased

Functional Residual Capacity

Decreased

Residual Volume

Decreased

FEV1/FVC

Increased

FEV1 = volume of air expired in the first second of forced expiration; FVC, forced vital capacity

After these results were obtained at rest, Sue was asked to exercise on a stair climber. After only 2 minutes, she became extremely fatigued and had to discontinue the test. The arterial blood gas measurements were repeated, with the following results.

Arterial Blood Gases During Exercise

PaO2

58 mm Hg

PaCO2

36 mm Hg

% Hgb Saturation

90%

1. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a restrictive pulmonary disease. Define lung compliance and explain how lung fibrosis affects lung compliance. Use this information to explain Patricia's decreased total lung capacity, decreased functional residual capacity (FRC), and decreased residual volume at rest.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

1. explain what the p waves, qrs complex, and t waves represent.. 2. explain the significance...

1. explain what the p waves, qrs complex, and t waves represent..
2. explain the significance of abnormal p waves, qrs complex, qt intervals, and st segment depressions.
3. why does blood pressure fluctuate in arteries between heart beats

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Ibuprofen and coronavirus: Should you take ibuprofen now? Please provide a view point on this topic...

Ibuprofen and coronavirus: Should you take ibuprofen now?

Please provide a view point on this topic and include the following in the response:

a.) what is composition of ibuprofen

b.) toxicity or side effects of ibuprofen

c.) why is ibuprofen used

d.) what is coronavirus

e.) why should ibuprofen be used or not

f.) what ibuprofen does to coronavirus infected patients.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Why is it important to learn about the relationship between the skeletal system and the joints.

Why is it important to learn about the relationship between the skeletal system and the joints.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

List and describe one Muscle Abnormality. It could be a disease or condition. Or it could...

List and describe one Muscle Abnormality. It could be a disease or condition. Or it could be something that happens with exercise. Be sure to describe what structures are affected within the muscle. List the symptoms of this abnormality, as well as one possible treatment option.

In: Anatomy and Physiology

1.) The blood volume in left ventricle is the highest during end diastolic phase. True or...

1.) The blood volume in left ventricle is the highest during end diastolic phase.

True or False

2.) Arterial blood pressure is regulated by autonomic nervous system and kidneys.

True or False

3.) During diastole, intraventricular pressure rises as ventricles contract.

True or False

4.) T-wave of the electrocardiogram reflects ventricular repolarization.

True or False

In: Anatomy and Physiology