Question

The key to increasing the production of ATP is:

A. long, slow training sessions.

B. PFK quality.

C. a reduction in the production of LDH.

D. enzyme activity.

Answer 1

Enzyme activity increases the production of ATP . Named CNF1 .here is an example.

CNF1 induces a Rho GTPase‐dependent modification of the mitochondrial network.

We then wondered if the increase in mitochondrial functionality reported above was accompanied by a modification in the organelle architecture. In fact, we previously observed that CNF1 enhances the complexity of the mitochondrial network in the epithelial cell line HEp‐2 from larynx carcinoma [15]. When stained with the mitochondrion‐selective dye MitoTracker, IEC‐6 cells exposed to CNF1 for different time periods showed a mitochondrial network similar to that previously observed in HEp‐2 cells, with elongated and dispersed mitochondria throughout the cells (Fig. 3A, right panel and inset), a feature that differed from that present in control samples (Fig. 3A, left panel). Such a morphological modification, although starting after 24 h of toxin challenge (data not shown), became particularly evident after 48 h (Fig. 3A) of CNF1 exposure. A measurement of mitochondrial length after 48 h of incubation with CNF1 revealed a shift in the average length. In particular, as shown in Fig. 3B, the percentage of 0–3 and 3–7 μm mitochondria decreased, while the percentage of lengthy mitochondria (between 7–10 and 10–20 μm) increased.