Using the below information - Discuss the difference between Developmental and Administrative uses of performance appraisals.

Developmental versus Administrative Uses of Performance Appraisal

Another key debate in performance appraisal is how to balance the foundational performance appraisal purposes of employee development and administrative decision-making (Bernardin & Beatty, 1984). Some researchers argue that appraisals are more accurate and useful for improving performance if they are diagnostic and not linked to pay or other administrative outcomes. Opponents argue that employees will not take the process seriously unless there is a bottom-line outcome. Where managers make mistakes is linking performance appraisal ratings solely to monetary rewards. This is dysfunctional for several reasons including the classic case of goal displacement in which monetary rewards focus employee attention and effort on the measured behaviors (quantity of output) at the expense of equally important, but unrewarded, job duties (such as maintenance). In addition, it is important to reject embracing the Theory X view that employees are motivated by money alone and not the intrinsic satisfaction that occurs from a job well done, and the failure to recognize the utility of nonmonetary rewards such as recognition and time off. Another de-motivating factor is the “bait and switch” routine in which organizations make mid-year “corrections” on performance pay formulas thereby reneging on promised rewards. Other characteristics that reduce employee trust are the linkage of the appraisal rating and compensation system in the absence of employee input into the performance standards and an absence of clear communication and employee understanding regarding how managers make performance decisions. Performance appraisal information is most accurate and comprehensive when used to developmentally coach and mentor employees. Using performance appraisal ratings for administrative decisions inflates ratings as managers seek to reduce rater–ratee conflict and maintain workplace harmony. It also reduces the breadth, depth, and accuracy of performance feedback given concerns that honest feedback may adversely influence employee job standing. One solution is for the first level supervisor to present an overall summary of employee performance to a panel of senior managers who make the final administrative decisions. This removes the direct responsibility from supervisors, enabling them to assume the role of coach providing performance feedback.

There is an inherent conflict between the administrative and development applications of performance appraisal systems. For example, when managers use appraisal ratings for compensation and promotion decisions, there is an unfortunate natural tendency to reduce the quality and quantity of performance feedback to reduce employee anxiety and manager discomfort. Hence, if an adverse action such as a layoff occurs, the absence of balanced feedback accentuates the “surprise” effect. Over the long run, this cycle erodes the two-way communication needed for effective performance management. Organizations sometimes embrace performance appraisal “religion” right before layoffs. The underlying motive is to protect the company from a legal liability from wrongful discharge and discrimination lawsuits. The unfortunate consequence of the instrumental use of performance appraisal is the erosion of employee trust and the reduction in the motivational value of performance appraisal.

Write a summary of your understanding of the following Quality Concepts (one half page for each concept):

(1) Leadership,

(2) Customers Satisfaction,

(3) Customers Delight,

(4) Employee Involvement

• Imagine yourself as a security officer walking your patrol route within a mall. As you place yourself in the situation, identify an instance in which you would find yourself in the middle of a possible aggravated encounter. Evaluate the actions, on your part, which could result in either criminal or civil actions being brought against you, based on how you responded to the situation.

J.C.​ Howard's medical testing company in Kansas wishes to assign a set of jobs to a set of machines. The following table provides the production data of each machine when performing the specific​ job:

                                                            Machine

​a) The optimal assignment of jobs to machine that will maximize total production​ is:

MACHINE A          =   JOB 1, 2, 3, 4 ?

MACHINE B         =    JOB 1, 2, 3, 4 ?

MACHINE C          =   JOB 1, 2, 3, 4 ?

MACHINE D          =   JOB 1, 2, 3, 4 ?

​b) The total production of the assignment​ = __ units ​(enter your response as a whole​ number).

Total Population: 150,000,000

We have developed a 30-second TV spot to air this year, aimed at launching a new product to our target of young, affluent, male auto enthusiasts. We have a budget of $4,500,000 allocated for the product launch and want to run this commercial as many times as we can afford to run it. Our account planner has decided that a Big Bang approach is needed, and so all of the money needs to be spent within days of the product launch, but we can time the product launch when we want. Below are the options he has suggested. Because of the scheduling of these events, we can only choose one—do not mix and match television events.

1. For each TV event above, determine CPM, GIMP, TIMP, Reach, and Frequency. (10 total points)

b.) Which event should we advertise during, if our goal is to maximize GIMP? (1 point)

c.) Which event should we advertise during, if our goal is to maximize TARGET impressions? (1 point)

d.) Which event should we advertise during, if our goal is to maximize REACH? (1 point)

e.) Which event should we advertise during, if our goal is to cost efficient with TCPM? (1 point)

f.) Consider your calculations and what each of the figures tell you. Which event would you suggest advertising on? Be sure to explain in detail your rationale for your selection. (2 points)

Provide a VRIO of JP Morgan Chase. What is the strategic implications of this analysis?

In our textbook, we learn that Disney has acquired several companies throughout the years including Marvel for $4 billion in 2009. One main advantage that this acquisition allowed Disney to do is increase the differentiation in their product offerings. They were able to add and entire line of superheroes to the Disney character family, which also allowed to add Marvel character theme park rides, toys, and other merchandise. Not only did this benefit Disney, but the acquisition also added value to Marvel. "Because of economies of scope and economies of scale, Marvel is becoming more valuable inside Disney than as a standalone enterprise" (Rothaermel).

Our question for you is, besides being able to increase their product offerings, what other benefits do you think this acquisition brought to Disney as a company?

Jose Martinez of El Paso has developed a polished stainless steel tortilla machine that makes it a​ "showpiece" for display in Mexican restaurants. His forecast of capacity and demand​ follows:

Subcontracting: 90 units available over the 5-month period

Beginning inventory: 0 units

Ending inventory required: 10 units

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Costs:

Regular-time cost per unit: $80

Overtime cost per unit: $125

Subcontract cost per unit: $132

Inventory holding cost per unit per month: $2

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Assume that backorders are not permitted.

Using the transportation​ method, the total cost of the optimal plan is ​$__ (enter your response as a whole​ number).

1) Locate an article about a subject that is of interest to you. It could pertain to a career issue, an academic issue, or a life issue. 2) Analyze the article and identify the audience the author intended to read it, as well as the situation that might have influenced its writing. 3) Evaluate the quality of the writing; propose how the author might have revised or proofread the the article to make it more readable and appropriate for the intended audience. 4) Share with your peers your response to the ideas expressed in the article. Do you agree? Disagree? Why? Why not?

Marketers typically do their research to determine what will best appeal to consumers. Many brands are created with the results of this research in mind. Over the years, many famous brands have been repositioned to reflect changes in customer preferences.

Topic: Product Brands

Using the Library for your research, provide several examples of brands that have recently repositioned themselves. Then explain how they accomplished this task and discuss the following:

• Do you think the brands accomplished a successful repositioning strategy? Why or why not?

1)How does a company view its prices and the competitor’s prices?

2)What does a lower price mean to the consumer?

Marketing class

1. Which 4 were the worst ideas? & Why? Crystal Pepsi, Ben-Gay Asprin, XFL United States Football League, Coca Cola Blak, Law Enforcement Bikes, Microsoft WebTV Plus, Pepsi AM, Maxwell House Brewed Coffee, Coca Cola Coke, & Frito Lay

2. Assess the possibilities of success from some relatively new products. This is not based on whether you like the product or not, its your assessment as to whether it can be successful and what needs to happen to ensure that it is successful.  In your write up, include specific target market(s).You are assessing 3 of them.

(Nair for Men), (Blk Water) & (True Lemon)

The most interesting concept I need to learn more about is Fallacies the formal and informal

Provide a value chain analysis of JP Morgan Chase. What is the strategic implications of this analysis?