Perspectives such as behaviorism and social cognitive theory show us how the consequence (reinforcement or punishment) of a particular behavior affects the extent to which the behavior is likely to appear again. Attribution theory has cast a new light on this notion, maintaining that the consequences of behavior will affect each person’s learning and future behavior differently depending on how the individual interprets those consequences. Within the context of attribution theory:

a. Explain what motivation theorists mean when they talk about attributions.

b. Explain how learners’ responses to failure are likely to be different when they attribute that failure to a controllable cause or to an uncontrollable one. Give a concrete example to illustrate your explanation.

c. Describe three specific strategies you might use to foster more productive attributions in others. In each case, use attribution theory to explain why you think the strategy should be effective.

Compare the definitions between health and illness for Germans, Italians, and Polish Americans

A. Textbooks describes a number of cognitive factors affecting motivation. Briefly describe each of the following factors, giving a concrete example and explaining how you might promote it in a classroom or other applied setting. a. Personal interest b. Situational interest c. Expectancy d. Value Mastery goal

B. Many principles of motivation can be summed up with the mnemonic “TARGETS”: task, autonomy, recognition, grouping, evaluation, time, and social support. In seven paragraphs, describe seven strategies—one each related to each of the seven TARGETS variables—you might use to motivate students in a classroom. Illustrate each strategy with a specific, concrete example of what you might do.

What cultural differences between the Islamic community and the average American community do you think are contributing to the rise of Islamophobia. Why? What special considerations would you need to take when counseling an Arab American. Why?

How can we apply the 3 levels-of-analysis approach to the study of stuttering? That is, how can stuttering be examined at the three levels of interest? Please provide concrete examples in the form of informed speculations.

* THIS IS FROM A BUSINESS ETHICS CLASS*

From 'Acknowledging the Rot' by Eric Alterman, in The Nation, 4/11 Dec. 2017, p. 6:

With the recent accusations of child molestation against Alabama Republican senatorial candidate Roy Moore, the network's [i.e. Fox News'] top-tier 'talent'—Sean Hannity, Tucker Carlson, and Laura Ingraham—have all questioned the veracity of the Washington Post report, which cited four on-the-record victims and more than 30 sources, and then changed the subject to the sins of either Harvey Weinstein or Bill Clinton. The Fox News anchors might as well have been taking their orders directly from Breitbart impresario Steve Bannon. Six advertisers abandoned Hannity after his defense of Moore, perhaps leading him to rethink his public position on Moore's 'consensual' sex life. Still, Hannity happily cheered on a campaign by his acolytes to attack and destroy Keurig coffee machines, following the withdrawal of the company's advertising from his show. All of this demonstrates the fact that Murdoch [CEO of Fox News] has decided to throw in with the crazies, perverts, and Nazi sympathizers who populate Trump's base, with no limits as to how low he will go. And, lo and behold, it works. During this period, Fox News secured its prime-time ratings lead over MSNBC, with Hannity handily beating Rachel Maddow, whose numbers had surpassed Fox's for three months in a row.

From this passage, reconstruct an argument concerning Murdoch in premise-conclusion form. There's also a fallacy here; bonus will be awarded for correctly naming it.

1. As a teacher, you have some students who clearly want to learn the subject matter you are teaching and other students who are interested only in the grades they get in your class.

a. Considering the textbook’s discussion of extrinsic versus intrinsic motivation, how would you expect the two groups of students to differ in terms of classroom learning and performance? Describe five differences you are likely to see between them.

b. Describe three strategies you might use to promote intrinsic motivation in the grade-oriented students

3) How did Buddhism find its way to China? Why do you think this outside belief was so readily accepted into Chinese society? How was Buddhism integrated into China?

There is no Histrory Subject choice.

• Why do you think so many people are hesitant to talk about sexual pleasure? How do you decide whether a sexual behavior is "normal"?
• Do you think people should be allowed to engage in BDSM (or other sexual behaviors or expressions), as long as they don't hurt anyone?
• Kiki realizes that some people don't understand her behavior and they may see it as distasteful, perverted or abnormal. Given that, should we as a society stop her from doing it? Do you think she is sick?

400 words required.

1. Discuss the role of women in religion. Apply a feminist/conflict-oriented perspective to explain what women’s roles have been.

What are some recommended methods for counseling clients of African descent? Why are these methods considered successful?

How does this compare to the teaching of controversial issues in American history such as slavery or atrocities against Native Americans such as the Sand Creek Massacre, which were either not or barely mentioned in any textbooks until the 1960s?

List at least three things you found most interesting about interpersonal communication, explaining why you found them interesting.

Explain at least two things from the chapter you think will help you in your interpersonal relationships and how you think they will be useful.

Finally, describe what you consider to be your most common conflict management strategies and whether you would prefer to use a different strategy in the future. Give specific examples.

How is information about different categories stored in the brain?