Q3: When a mild steel rod was tested under tension, it was observed that a load of 8 kN causes an
extension of 0.024 cm in the rod. The maximum load carried by the steel rod was observed to be
20 kN and the load beyond which stress is not proportional to strain was noted as 10 kN. When the
specimen breaks, the elongation in the rod measured was 5.25 cm and the diameter at the fracture
observed was 0.455 cm. What will be the length and diameter of the steel rod if the total
elongation of the steel rod was found to be 25% and the area of contraction at fracture estimated
was 12%? Based on the test results, determine the values for the stress corresponding to limit of
proportionality, modulus of elasticity of the material and the ultimate stress developed due to
tension.

Comparative study was done on two girders one simply supported with eccentric loading and
the other cantilevered with uniformly distributed load. Data’s are tabulated as follows:
Type of beam Simply supported Cantilever
Span 7.5 m 3.5 m
Loading point load of 45 kN at
distance of ‘a’ from left
support
uniformly distributed load ‘w’ N/mm
over the entire span
Slope of the beam at left
end support ??
0.0075 radians Not given

Position of maximum
deflection
4.7 m from the right end
support
Not given
Maximum deflection Ymax 17.5 mm
Determine the value of ‘a’ in meters for the simply supported beam. Also find the slope at right
hand support ?? and the magnitude of maximum deflection (Ymax) for simply supported beam.
What will be the value for ‘w’ and the maximum slope for cantilever beam? Take EI = constant.
Based on the conclusions, explain how the deflection of a beam can be minimized by varying the
magnitude and the position of the load? (8 marks

Q1: A cantilever beam having span ‘L’ m was subjected to a uniformly distributed load of
magnitude 8 kN/m for a distance of ‘0.6 L’ from the free end and two concentrated loads one of
magnitude 15 kN at a distance ‘0.25 L’ m from the free end while the other of magnitude ‘22’ kN at
a distance ‘0.6 L’ m from the free end respectively. It was observed that the maximum bending
moment acting on the beam is equal to (-369 kNm). Suggest a suitable span for the beam based on
the loading condition. How it will change the reaction at the fixed support? What happens to the
shear force and bending moment values at the fixed support, free end and at the center of the
beam? By plotting bending moment and shear force diagram for the beam briefly conclude the
relationship between the values for shear force and bending moment.

Research the following notable engineering failures. Discuss how analysis was used or could have been used to investigate the failure.   

Highway I-880, Loma Prieta, California earthquake, 198

Please determine if the following statement is true or false, and explains why.

1. Effective stress is defined as total stress minus pore pressure.

2. For a given consolidation stress, a normally consolidated clay will be stronger than an overconsolidated clay.

3. The sequent depth, ys of a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel is related to the initial yi, the discharge per unit length, q, gravity acceleration, g and density r. Express the ratio ys/yi in term of non-dimensional group and compare with the equation developed from momentum principles as shown below:

                                                                                ?! _#              

Write 5+ pages in one of the following topics :- ( MAKE SURE THE HANDWRITING IS READABLE, * I prefer to be made in M.S word )

1- Contaminant transport in groundwater

2- Modeling of contaminant transport in groundwater

Parameter Steel .

Modulus of Elasticity 30,000,000 psi

Proportional/Elastic Limit 34,000 psi

Allowable Bending Stress 24,000 psi

Allowable Axial (C or T) Stress 24,000 psi

Allowable Shear Stress 16,500 ps

You have a 25-foot long, simply supported W12-50 steel beam. It is supporting a single 10,000# point load at its midpoint. Including the weight of the beam, answer the questions below:

A. What is the maximum bending moment (foot-#) and resulting maximum bending stress (psi)? Is this allowable?

B. What is the maximum vertical shear (#) and resulting average shear stress (psi)? Is this allowable?

C. What is the maximum deflection (inches)? Is this permissible if the allowable deflection is (1:360)?

describe the most difficult-to-deal waste that is being produced in your household and suggest how to treat it

Please name the RMS Specification of construction of cast-in-place reinforced concrete piles without permanent casing. (200-250 words)

23. Oil with a relative density of 0.800 presses the surface of the upright triangle, the peak of which is on the surface of the oil. The triangle is 2.7 m height and 3.6 m wide. 2.4 m mounted on the base 3.6 m and pressured by water. Find (a)the magnitude and (b) position of the resultant force on the entire surface!

A community lives in a remote area next to a lake and they rely on the fish in the lake for food. They are concerned that the fish they are catching from the lake have been contaminated with mercury. The lake has an area of 30,000 m² and an average depth of 10 m; it is fed by a river with flow 25 m³/s. Assume that 5% of the flow entering the lake is lost to evaporation. Some mercury enters the water naturally from the soil upstream of the lake. The mercury concentration in the river upstream is 0.07 ng/L. A small gold mining operation uses mercury or “quicksilver” to extract more metal. The runoff, which has a mercury concentration of 0.82 ng/L makes its way into the lake with a flow of 1 m³/s. Additionally, dry deposition of mercury from atmospheric aerosols adds mercury to the lake at a rate of 12 ng/s. The lake is drained by the river flow.

1. Calculate the steady-state concentration of mercury in the lake (ng/L), assuming the lake is well-mixed.
2. Assume the bioaccumulation factor for mercury is 220 L/g for the fish that the community eats. Local health officials recommend eating fish only if the mercury concentration is below 2 µg/g of fish tissue. Should the community be concerned about eating the fish?

4.2 A 200 m long sag curve is used under a grade separation structure. The curve joins an entry grade of - 3% and exit grade of + 5%. If the required vertical clearance is 5.5 m, determine the available sight distance over the curve. Assume driver eye height and dangerous object height of 1.8 m and 0.15, respectively. If the information available is not complete, please assume and specify a reasonable value and continue with the assignments.