A section of a multilane highway is to be reconstructed to improve the level of service. The section being considered is on a 5.0% upgrade that is 3/4 mile long. The highway currently has 4-lanes (2 in each direction – all are 12-ft lanes) with a two-way left-turn lane in the middle and 4 foot shoulders on the right side. It is to be reconstructed into a 6-lane facility (3-lanes in each direction) undivided facility but, due to commercial development surrounding the highway, must remain in the current 72 foot right of way. There are currently 35 access points per mile and the free flow speed is determined to be 50 mi/h. It is known that the road currently operates at capacity with 420 trucks/buses (no recreational vehicles) during the peak hour, a peak hour factor of 0.95 and all-commuter traffic.

The redesign is to reduce the number of access points per mile to 10 and to reduce the grade to 4.0% for 3/4 mile. It is estimated that the new design will increase traffic by 13%.

1. Determine the lane width and shoulder width combination that will maximize capacity given that the 3 lanes (each direction) must fit within 36ft?
2. For the maximum-capacity lane/shoulder combination chosen above, determine the new design's level of service and density.

During construction, field tests were conducted to assess the suitability of the column to
withstand a safe buckling load of 2.5 kN assuming a factor of safety 4 using two different hollow
columns made up of steel and concrete. Both columns have same cross section but varying length
and different support conditions. Steel column of length 3 m having external diameter 40 mm was
tested with one end fixed and the other end hinged, when subjected to a compressive stress of
0.0045 MN/cm2 shortens by 3.6 mm.
If the concrete column was tested under similar loading conditions with one end fixed and other
end free considering modulus of elasticity of concrete equal to 128 GPa, what will be the
corresponding length of the column required? As a design engineer how do you choose the values
for the thickness of both columns and the length of the concrete column? What will be your
interpretations regarding the relationship between the support conditions and the buckling load
based on the test results?

Results obtained from a tension test on a bar of uniform cross section 10 mm x 10 mm
subjected to an axial pull of 8000 N were tabulated. The lateral dimensions of the bar were found
to be changed to 9.9985 mm x 9.9985 mm while using a material having modulus of rigidity equal
to 0.8 x 107 N/cm2. By determining the values for different moduli, identify the properties of
material and establish the relationship between them. What changes will happen to the volume if
the length of the bar is equal to 2.5 m? Based on the results obtained discuss how the elastic
constants are related to the deformation of the bar?

There is a project with three activites planned for a year (Units are in Rial)

• ‘Activity A’ with a planned cost of 2100,
• ‘Activity B’ with a planned cost of 1500 and
• ‘Activity C’ with a planned cost of 2500.
• Activity A turned out to be more expensive (with an additional 300).
• ‘Activity B’ was done as budgeted.
• ‘Activity C’ is not finished within the year, and only 1500 was spent on it.
• An additional activity ‘Activity D’ was needed and performed with a cost of 500.
What is the cost variance for the given year?Also write a detailed conclusion on the
cost performance

Apple LLC decides that it is going to bid on some government work. All contractors must post a bid bond when bidding on government work. Apple bids on the government work and wins. Apple posts a payment bond, as per the contract, and starts to work. After about 2 years into the job, Apple walks off the job, which was left uncompleted. Can the government collect the bond?

1. Yes, the government can collect on the bid bond that Apple took out

2. No, there is no bond available here that the government could collect on

3. No, the surety must be given the chance to mitigate their losses first

4. Yes, Apple guaranteed its work.

QUESTION 1

Construction professionals who came from various specialty are brought together for a specific construction project and then disbanded once construction is complete.

• Student to draw diagram of construction team/ building team in correct order for a big project.
• Indicate tiers and arrows based on their hierarchy in a big project, and their relationship with one another.
• Explain briefly each of their roles.

QUESTION 2

Site Preparation is the first step taken to start a new project to ensure the ground is safe to undertake construction works.

• Student to list activities of site preparation involved, in sequence.
• Support your answer with images for each steps that is on the list.
• Identify appropriate tools used on site in order to complete each site preparation task in the list.
• Briefly explain each steps for site preparation activity.

QUESTION 3

Common building components are super structures and sub structures that was classified based on occupancy and structure, design loads, common building components, their function and nominal dimensions.

TASK

• Student to sketch building components for a post and beam construction. Building components to be drawn are as follows:

o Pad or raft foundation component o Column and beam component o Flooring component o Opening (door and window) component o Wall component o Roof component

• Label the components accordingly.
• Describe the components briefly.

QUESTION 4

Building construction is an ancient human activity. It began with the purely functional need for a controlled environment to moderate the effects of climate. Constructed shelters were one means by which human being were able to adapt themselves to a wide variety of climates and become global species.

TASK

• Student to draw a section of a two-storey house suited for a tropical climate like Malaysia.
• Section should indicate elements listed below:

o Substructure – foundation o Superstructure – floor, column, beam, ceiling and roof o Components – window and door

• Equip your sectional drawing with correct construction symbol.
• Proposed material used for each elements that is suited for Malaysian climate

A coal fired plant burns 1000 metric tons of coal per day at 2% sulfur. ( 1 metric ton = 1000 kg). a. What is the SO2 emission rate? b. What is the SO2 concentration 1.0 km downwind (x = 1000m)? c. 0.1 km off centerline in y direction (y = 100m)? and d. At ground level (z = 0) wind speed is 4 m/s and it’s a cloudy day? Stability =D; σ_y = 68m; σ_z = 37m

Urbanization involves the growth of cities, flow of traffic, transportation assets, facilities and fixed infrastructure. Collectively, these factors play major roles in what has become to be known as a “four-stage” process of urbanization. Smooth traffic flow enhances to a significant extent the urbanization process in cities, and by implication, government activities and private enterprise. Based on your course readings and knowledge of the concept of urbanization, graphically illustrate the four-stage process typically associated with this phenomenon tagged “urbanization” detailing the essential factors from stage one to stage four.

to justify and defend recommendation of solid waste management and sewerage characteristic,
treatment and its disposal according to standards/practices .

1.Problem statement:
People are facing lot of problems due to improper management of wastes (solid) as well as
unsuitable characteristics, disposal and treatment of sewerage wastes. Using the knowledge
of solid waste management, characteristics, treatment and disposal of sewerage, find
various parameters required for proper management of solid wastes as well as for
characteristics, treatment and disposal of sewerage wastes for your area.
2. Objectives of this Project:
Students should use their background knowledge about solid waste management and sewerage
characteristic, treatment and its disposal. They should prepare a report to ensure that all the
parameters are properly addressed and incorporated.

3. Report Format
The report should include the following sections:
4. Problem Definition/Identification:
This is a statement of the problem to be investigated. It provides overall direction for problem
understanding. The student should rephrase the stated problem in his own words that can display
his understanding of the problem.
5. Details of processes involved:
Students must provide all the details of processes involve in solid waste management and each
process must be clearly supported by steps necessary for performing them.
6. Propose Solution:
This is a statement which should provide a clear solution (solid waste management) to the problem.
7. Conclusions:
Discuss any questionable data or surprising results. Explain the possible source of any error or
questionable results, if applicable.

Note:

please make a report on it

Zero force member in trusses are

select one:

a- in-needed members

b- to prevent out of plane buckling

c- to prevent in-plane buckling

d- to prevent out of plane buckling and on-plane buckling

e- used for architectural purposes

(a) When there is a need to describe a system at the current time or at a certain specified future time, why are probabilistic models considered superior to deterministic models? (b) What is the difference between descriptive models and prescriptive models? Give two examples of each.