Question

• Pick one hormone and discuss where it is produced; name the organ and the specific cells which produce that hormone.
• What is the target organ?
• Is there a disease associated with hypo- or hyper- production of that hormone?
• In your response to others, identify some typical signs and symptoms of a hypo- or hyper- hormone condition of that hormone.

Answer 1

Hormone :

Thyroid hormones - It is hormones produced by the thyroid gland. This gland is located in the middle of the neck ( Anterior aspect ) , The thyroid gland consists of thyroid cells, which is responsible for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones.

It is regulated by the part of the brain called hypothalamus. And a major gland called pituitary gland.

And there are two hormones which is released from hypothalamus and pituitary gland to produce the thyroid hormones. The major metabolism of the human body is taken care by the product of the thyroid hormones. So The hypothalamus in the brain will release (TRH) thyrotropin-releasing hormone . This will stimulates the pituitary gland to release another hormone called TSH - thyroid stimulating hormone. This hormones stimulates the thyroid cells in the thyroid gland to produce the thyroid hormones with the help of iodine in the body.

what is the target organ :

The target organ for the thyroid hormones is cell in the human body, because It is the one taking care of the metabolism of the body by targeting the body cells.

Diseases association with hypo or hyper:

when the thyroid hormones increases it leads to Hyperthyroidism

when the thyroid hormones decreases it leads to Hypothyroidism

signs and symptoms of the diseases:

Hyperthyroidism - Thyroid gland is responsible for the production of the thyroid hormones, Due to some dysfunction , the iodine level will increases and thus leads to production is the large amount of thyroid hormones, which leads to weight loss of the human body and most commonly symptoms are irregular heartbeat.

Hypothyroidism- The people with this condition will experience more body pain and fatigue over the muscles and gaining of the weight, There will be reduced heart beat than normal, And having sleeping problems (insomnia) .