Compare and contrast the causes and consequences of habitat destruction vs. habitat fragmentation. Try to capture the main similarities and differences between these threats to biodiversity.

Australia has recently been affected by rampant wildfires that have resulted in the deaths of many animals. Before the fires, the Australian Koala population was at 239,000. Ecologists estimate around 8,000 died in the fires. The koala haploid genome size is approximately 3.5x10^9bp (remember that koalas, like most animals, are diploid), and the rate of mutation occurrence is 2x10^-7 mutations/site/generation.

How many new mutations are predicted to occur in the functional region (8%) of the genome each generation? (Show your work/outline the equations in at least 2 steps, 1 pt)

If a single koala population lost 90% of its residents in the fires, explain how the effects of genetic drift increase and the effects of natural selection decrease as a result of the population shrinking? (1-2 sentences, 1 pt)

In the common bluebell, two linked, autosomal genes control flower color and plant height. With the given information, find the expected F1 generation phenotypes and the frequencies of the F1 generation.

B (blue flowers) is dominant to b (white flowers)

T (tall plants) is dominant to t (dwarf plants)

If the crossover frequency between the two loci is 26%, what will the expected F1 phenotypes and their frequencies from the following cross:

a) BT//bt x bt//bt

b) Bt//bT x bt//bt

c) Bt//bT x Bt//bT

This question was uploaded and answered here, https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/3-4-pts-common-bluebell-two-linked-autosomal-genes-control-flower-color-plant-height-follo-q45840263, except I'm not sure how the answered got to their answers and it doesn't seem to answer what the question is looking for. TIA

What needs to happen for nuclear import as cell exits mitosis?

Explain the basic proteins/process involved in cytokinesis?

Describe how the primary and secondary endosymbiosis relates to both the Alvaeolates and Chlorarachniophytes by including where the membrane originates and provide examples of which organisms may have been involved in each stage of symbiosis

Explain the different steps of translation. You will first present all the different players in the this molecular choreography and explain the different steps. *

B. What are the health consequences of inherited mutations in DNA repair pathway proteins? Can you name a couple mentioned in class? Are there others that you know of?

Define protein-primed DNA replication.

Explain the general process of reverse transcription and integration. Explain the role of tRNA in retrovirus genome replication, the enzymatic activities of the reverse transcriptase enzyme, and the function of the integrase enzyme.

Summarize in one line the cou have been caught outside in a snowstorm for a few days now. Your incredible survivor’s skills enabled you to build a wonderful igloo. Yet, your only chance for survival is to drink some melted snow to avoid dehydration. Unfortunately, you know that that this snow is spiked with 10mM of a very potent toxin, Brooklycidin with a molecular weight of 500 Da (g/mol). The lethal dose of Brooklycidin for humans is 10mg/kg of bodyweight. How much volume of melted snow can you drink before reaching the lethal dose? Would it enable you to survive? *

RNA polymerases interact with specific sections of the DNA double helix in a genome. Mention how those DNA portions are called and all you know about their structure. You will also mention which other types of proteins interact with the DNA and RNA polymerase and how they help control gene expression.

A 45-year-old store manager complained of a burning, gnawing pain, moderately severe, almost always in the epigastric region. The pain is absent when he awakens, appears in midmorning, and is relieved by food but recurs two to three hours after a meal. The pain often awakens him at 1 or 2 a.m. An endoscopic examination and x-ray studies with barium showed normal stomach function but the presence of duodenal ulcers. Gastric analysis demonstrated that the gastric juice pH fell to 1.9 with pentagastrin stimulation (6µg/kg s.c.). Fasting serum gastrin levels were normal. Recommended treatments for this individual follow. Antacids: 15-30 mL of liquid or two to four tablets one to three hours after each meal and at bedtime for six weeks. Histamine (H2) receptor antagonists: cimetidine (300 mg) or ranitidine (150 mg) with each meal and at bedtime for four to eight weeks.

Top of Form

1. What is the diagnosis of this individual?

2. What is the significance of doing a pentagastrin stimulation test? What is the significance of doing a fasting serum gastrin level?

3. What is the function of taking antacids?

4. How do the H2 antagonists act in treating this disorder?

5. What type of dietary and behavioral recommendations would also be suggested for this person?Bottom of Form

Could you explain why progressive shortening in DNA replication occurs (possibly with a drawing of where there is no 3' end to replicate)?

Thanks

** please answer questions thoroughly for good rating**

background:

1. Genes are passed to offspring from parents through both sexual and asexual reproductions. Sexual reproduction provides the opportunity for genetic exchange to take place whereas asexual reproduction on provides for the same genes that were in the parent to be passed on to the offspring. In general, sexual reproduction is a good thing for a species as it allows for genetic exchanges which typically strengthens species. Although as we saw in the first discussion of this module that is not always true.

   There are three general types of lifecycles.

   Type 1
   Haploid (1N) adult organism produces haploid gametes -> gametes from different adults fuse to form a diploid zygote ->meiosis occurs -> resulting haploid cells -> haploid adults

   Type 2
   diploid (2n) adult has cells that undergo meiosis to produce haploid gametes -> haploid gametes from different adults fuse ->diploid zygote -> diploid adult

   Type 3
   Diploid adult ->meiosis -> haploid cell (spores) -> haploid adults -> haploid adults produce gametes (sperm and egg) -> gametes fuse to produce -> diploid zygote -> diploid adultFor this assignment, you are assigned an organism (Black bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) which may use either or both sexual and asexual reproduction in their lifecycles.

   1)Describe this organism’s life cycle and where genetic exchange might take place in it.
   • 2)Identify if your organisms match more of a Type 1,2, or 3 life cycle as detailed above.
   • 3)If asexual reproduction is a normal part of this organism’s life cycle, propose why asexual reproduction might be an advantage.
   • 4)If the organism does not have an asexual phase in the lifecycle explain why this might be an advantage for this organism.
   • If your organism has a different type of lifecycle from the expected such as males may become females, females many more than males in the population, etc., then explain what environment factors might have led to this difference.