Read the article (link is below) and answer the questions that follows in a paper format. (Paper has to be 1-page, 11-inch font- single-spaced).

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/50596700_A_long_noncoding_RNA_maintains_active_chromatin_to_coordinate_homeotic_gene_expression

Primary Paper HW assignment guidelines

Your primary paper consists of three parts:

1. In your own words, state the essential take home message of the paper assigned.

-Here you should briefly mention what was known about this topic before this paper was published

-Then state what the aim/goal/purpose of this published study was. In other words, what did the authors set out to do?

-Also describe why this research is important (if you think it is important)/ what are the researchers hoping to contribute to the existing knowledge.

2. State how the authors demonstrated the essential point of the paper: what experiments and what methods they used to prove the point

-In this section you should link how a particular approach/method was used to obtain a particular result and why it would be important/relevant. For example:

-Authors used method A to get/show result B. Result B is important because (it supports their original hypothesis in the following way/describe how/ or it provides novel findings regarding mechanism X

-Continue the bulleted list to correlate specific method with specific result and how it supports the claims made in the paper.

3. Discuss the strengths and significance of the paper and also the weaknesses and indicate additional lines of investigation that you think would be worth pursuing that were opened up by the paper.

-Here I want you to critique the experimental approach and author’s conclusions, not their writing style or format of the paper. Also, keep in mind that these are primary research articles published in scientific journals, so they are intended for a scientific, not general audience. Hence the language could be a bit dense.

-I want you to be very specific here. Do not write general and vague statements. Instead, refer to specific data in the paper (in figure X, or table Y) and indicate any possible flaws or limitations of the experiment.

-Propose possible future directions or follow up studies. You can look up papers that cited this research or follow up on the last author’s subsequent research.

-Explain if this paper contributed anything new to the field and if it enabled better understanding of the subject.

Create an annotated bibliography where you will locate and summarize 8 scholarly sources related to child development that will help to prepare for a interview with a child that's

between ages 3 to 10 years old. I plan to interview a child that's between ages 3 to 10 years old so this is what the annotated bibliographgy should be based on. (Child development).

For better understanding below is just an example of how the annotated bibliography 8 schlarly sources should be:

Just an Example:

Waite, L. J., Goldschneider, F. K., & Witsberger, C. (1986). Nonfamily living and the erosion of traditional family orientations among young adults. American Sociological Review, 51 (4), 541-554.

The authors, researchers at the Rand Corporation and Brown University, use data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women and Young Men to test their hypothesis that nonfamily living by young adults alters their attitudes, values, plans, and expectations, moving them away from their belief in traditional sex roles. They find their hypothesis strongly supported in young females, while the effects were fewer in studies of young males. Increasing the time away from parents before marrying increased individualism, self-sufficiency, and changes in attitudes about families. In contrast, an earlier study by Williams cited below shows no significant gender differences in sex role attitudes as a result of nonfamily living.

Thanks!

What are two ways by which bacteria can overcome (or avoid) the effects of antibiotics? (i.e., list 2 things bacteria can do to antibiotics to make them not work)- 4pts

If there were very high carbon dioxide conditions (95%) within an environment, what 3 elements of a flowering plant cycle would be affected by an environment high in carbon dioxide?

1. Select a contrast mode in microscopy. In the space below, describe and illustrate it in detail (hint: phase, dark-field, bright-field) (1 page limit)

What is the relationship between gametophyte and sporophyte in mosses? Ferns? Seed plants?

Describe the results/consequences of two of the events (items) below (6pts):

a. Dendritic cells displaying antigen via the class-2 pathway

b. B cell displaying antigen via the class-2 pathway.

c. Infected cell displaying antigen by the class -1 pathway.

d. Macrophage displaying antigen by the class-2 pathway.

e. Dendritic cells displaying antigen via the class-1 pathway.

Describe how the present-day theory of evolution was developed?

explain how CD8, CD4 and B cells work together either in the lymphoid tissue OR at the site of infection.

Mobility-shift assays can inform about protein-nucleic acid interactions by comparing:

a) the lengths of primer extension reactions in agarose gels.

b) elution times during affinity column chromatography.

c) sedimentation coefficients following gradient centrifugation.

d) the migration of molecular complexes in a non-denaturing polyacrylamide gels.

e) none of the above.

Northern white-cheeked gibbon is a small tree-dwelling ape in which males and females are equally choosy when it comes to mate choice. What would you predict about: 1) their mating system, 2) allocation of parental care, 3) operational sex ratio, and 4) differences between males and females in their productive potential?

How would you increase the amount of amylose compared to amylopectin in potato starch? How would you increase the amount of amylopectin compared to amylose? What is the advantage of performing these manipulations?

Need a precise rundown of differences between the cell envelope of a Gram-negative bacterial cell and a Gram-positive bacterial cell, how the cell membranes and cell walls are different between them and important features.

Describe the structure and function of each of the following organelles: Nucleus, Endoplasmic reticulum (both rough and smooth), Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts (Thylakoids), and the components of the endomembrane system (how are the components of the endomembrane system connected to one another).

What is a vacuole, what it does and where it comes from. Which organelles contain their own DNA? Where do lysosomes come from?