3. Discuss fermentation: Name the two types of fermentation. Give the end products of each type. Summarize the net energy gain of each type. Give examples of cells which carry out each type.

“Florida mice” essay question

Describe Hopi Hoekstra’s evidence for how coloration for Atlantic coast beach mice of Florida evolved independently from coloration for Gulf coast beach mice of Florida. Be specific in terms of the different genetic mechanisms associated with the formation of a similar phenotypic trait across the two beach mice populations. How did Hopi Hoekstra test the fitness (differential survival) associated with the presence or absence of the coloration trait in the beach mice? How do we know that the pale coloration trait of beach mice was derived from the ancestral coloration of mainland mice, and not vice versa? How could you test to see whether the change in coloration trait was heritable and not just a consequence of phenotypic plasticity?

“Introns and Exons” essay question

Explain why the average rate of evolution differs between introns and exons, and why this is important for choosing genetic markers to be used in phylogeny construction.

Why is using aseptic techinque important?

Why is a plate containing 30-300 CFU's more useful for calculating the concentration of the original culture tube than a plate with only two colonies?

Lab 5: Practice Dilution Problems

You have a stock solution that contains 24 mg/ml of protein. You want to make a set of standards with the following concentrations:

                  8 mg/ml

                  4 mg/ml

                  2 mg/ml

You need a minimum of 300 ul of each standard.

Using the technique of serial dilution, explain how you would make your standards by filling in the chart below.

You have a stock solution that contains 200 mg/ml of protein. You want to make a set of standards with the following concentrations :

                  100 mg/ml   12.50 mg/ml

                  50 mg/ml    6.25 mg/ml

                  25 mg/ml    3.125 mg/ml

You need a minimum of 300 ul of each standard.

Using the technique of serial dilution, explain how you would make your standards by filling in the chart below.

Dilute the following making sure you end up with a minimum volume of at least 10 ml.

Considering the Metabolic pathways of Pseudomonas aeruginosa:

A. Briefly evaluate the metabolism of the organism. How do they make PMF, ATP and reducing power? Do they have a broad or a narrow metabolic capacity?

B. How would deleting the TCA cycle affect this organism?

C. What about a mutation in the quinol binding site of the bc1 complex (Complex III) so that it could not accept a quinol?

D. What about a mutation in the gene that encodes glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase (the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of G-3-P)?

1. Draw the peptide DCTEVKKR at a ph 7.4 in the trans configuration.

2. Consider the peptide from #1 for the questions below.  

Calculate the pI of the above peptide. (I recommend showing your work – you can attach it on a separate sheet of paper or insert pictures).

3. Based on it’s sequence of amino acids and the answer to (2) above, suggest a possible function for the peptide.

4.What interactions would contribute most to tertiary structure? Explain your choice.

5.If a neutral mutation occurred, what do you think the peptide might be changed to? Explain your choice. (Multiple correct answers are possible).

what is the evidence supporting animal evolution from a protist ancestor? be sure to identify the protist ancestor and supergroup of both the protist ancestor and animal group?                                                                    2. if hydra live as a colony what cepecialization do different individules preform? plz i need answer

Custom made primers are shipped as DNA powders. A student received a tube containing 19.5 nmoles of primer. To make 75 µM primer solution, she needs to add ___ µl water to the tube.

What roles can glial cells play?

Immunity and mechanical support

Mechanical support and ionic - balance of the extracellular space

Ionic balance of the extracellular space and myelination

and a b only

a, b and c

You are a microbiology lab technician and you need to quantify the viable cell concentration in your stock culture before beginning an experiment. Since you do not know the range, you perform a serial dilution over several orders of magnitude. You use the pour plate method and plate 1 ml for each dilution level, in duplicate. Give the most accurate value for the number of viable cells in the original stock culture, in CFU / ml. Just enter a number, do not type the units!

Since you want the practice, you attempt a count for all plates, even though some are likely too numerous to count. Only use values that give you the best accuracy. That means only use values that are a "countable number" of colonies (see text section).

Dilution series colony counts:

1:10: 860, 745

1:100: 123, 114

1:1000: 11, 15

1:10,000: 2, 4

Matching