Question

1. Mutations within a DNA sequence _____________.

Choose all that apply * are natural processes

always affect the phenotype. are unnatural processes.

decreases genetic diversity.

increases genetic diversity. never affect phenotype.

2.

A process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully best describes: *

acquired characteristics

the bottleneck effect

natural selection

mutations

3.

A biologist analyzes the DNA sequences in three different lizards. The biologist finds that lizards A and B have nearly identical DNA sequences. The DNA sequences in lizard C are significantly different from those of lizard A. From this information, the biologist may infer that : *

Lizards A and B are more closely related to each other than either is to Lizard C.

All three lizards appeared on Earth at about the same time.

Either lizard A or lizard B must be a direct ancestor of lizard C.

Lizard C must have been the ancestor of both lizard A and lizard B.

4.

Light peppered moths were more common in England than dark peppered moths. When factories started to produce pollution in the area, the bark on the trees were stained black. What is the likely outcome from this event? *

The white moths would reproduce more so they don't go extinct.

The white moths would most likely decrease in numbers because they are easier to be seen and caught by birds

The dark moths would decrease in numbers because their homes changed colors.

There would be no change in the moth populations.

5.

Which of these BEST illustrates Natural Selection? *

An organism with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully.

A population monopolizes all of the resources in its habitat, forcing other species to migrate.

A community whose members work together utilizes all existing resources and migratory routes.

The largest organisms in a species receive the only breeding opportunities.

6.

When individuals in one population are unable to breed with individuals in a different population due to geographic isolation, this may lead to: *

speciation

gene flow

bad luck

mutations

7.During their early stages of development, the embryos of reptiles, birds, and mammals look very similar. This suggests that reptiles, birds, and mammals... *

have a common ancestor.

live in the same types of environments.

are no longer undergoing evolution.

have lost their vestigial structures.

8.Possible sources of genetic variation in a gene pool are: Choose all that apply. *

asexual reproduction

sexual reproduction

spontaneous generation

mutation

death

9.Which of the following statements are part of Darwin's theory of Natural Selection? Choose all that apply. *

more individuals are produced than can survive

there is genetic variation among individuals within a population

individuals within a population must compete for resources

individuals protect the weak within a population

10.Different species of frogs mate at different times of the year. This separation, which has caused them to remain separate species is an example of *

Geographic isolation

Genetic isolation

Temporal isolation

Behavioral isolation

11.How does Natural Selection determine which genetic traits are passed on to the next generation? *

Better adapted organisms tend to produce more offspring than "less fit" organisms.

Better adapted organisms tend to have no advantage over "less fit" orgaonisms.

Better adapted orgaisns tend to kill "less fit" organisms.

Better adapted organisms tend to take resources from 'less fit" organisms.

Evolution can best be described as *

a process of change over time.

the formation of fossils.

a process of growth in an organism.

the change in size of body structures through use and disuse

Answer 1

1. Mutations within a DNA sequence:
are natural processes - because of errors
increases genetic diversity - since any one of 3 other base changes are possible

2. A process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully best describes: natural selection

3. A biologist analyzes the DNA sequences in three different lizards. The biologist finds that lizards A and B have nearly identical DNA sequences. The DNA sequences in lizard C are significantly different from those of lizard A. From this information, the biologist may infer that: Lizards A and B are more closely related to each other than either is to Lizard C.

4. Light peppered moths were more common in England than dark peppered moths. When factories started to produce pollution in the area, the bark on the trees were stained black. What is the likely outcome from this event The white moths would most likely decrease in numbers because they are easier to be seen and caught by birds