Explain the chemiosmotic theory of mitochondria. Explain what is meant by an electrochemical gradient and proton motive force.

Please, i would appreciate an answer in a text form not handwritten. thank you

How would cellular respiration differ between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Describe the various changes that occur to pyruvate in pyruvate oxidation. State the reactions.

Give the overall chemical equation for pyruvate oxidation.

Please, i would appreciate an answer in a text form not handwritten. thank you

Compare the number ATP made from lactic acid fermentation to that of cellular respiration. Explain how muscles cells recover from lactic acid. Explain the importance of β-oxidation and weight loss. Give the number of ATP made from the breakdown of a 12C fatty acid to that of one molecule of glucose.

Please, i would appreciate an answer in a text form not handwritten. thank you

Explain the functions of NAD+ and FAD and the need for them in cellular respiration.

The cellular respiration of glucose yields less energy than the burning of glucose. What do you think happened to that excess energy in cellular respiration

What is the bond energy of glucose and how is it calculated?

Please, i would appreciate an answer in a text form not handwritten. thank you

Sally is a 68-year-old woman who walks 3 times per week, and attends yoga class
2 times per week. She has read several nutrition articles suggesting that women older than 50 years of age take supplemental vitamin D, vitamin B12, choline, and thiamin. Sally asks for your advice in choosing the appropriate supplements.
Do you agree with the recommendations from the nutrition articles? If yes, please provide your suggestions for food sources and supplements of vitamin D, vitamin B12, choline, and thiamin. If you do not agree with the nutrition articles, please provide appropriate recommendations for Sally regarding vitamin intake.

Explain why a simple exergonic free energy diagram would not be sufficient for cellular respiration with the following equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 +6H2O + 36 ATP

Explain where the C in CO2 comes from when you exhale. Be specific.

Please, i would appreciate an answer in a text form not handwritten. thank you

. Tony is a 17-year-old basketball player. His coach recommended that Tony find a supplement to aid in his recovery from workouts. Tony found a product that contains 10 grams of protein, 40 grams of carbohydrate, 1,000 mg of vitamin C, and 30 milligrams of vitamin E per serving.
Did Tony find an appropriate supplement to aid in his post-workout recovery? If yes, how many servings should Tony consume after a workout? If not, what recommendations would you provide to Tony for an alternative supplement or food product?

Doug is a 56-year-old tri-athlete. A recent physical revealed that his blood levels of homocysteine were elevated. His doctor suggested improving his diet to lower his homocysteine levels. Doug schedules an appointment with you to learn more about the dietary changes required to lower his blood levels of homocysteine.
Adequate consumption of which vitamins may help Doug decrease his homocysteine levels? Name three foods or beverages that are rich sources of these vitamins.

6. In class we discussed autosomal polymorphisms such as widow’s peak and detached

ear lobes, both of which are dominant traits. Suppose that a man with a widow’s peak and

attached ear lobes (whose father had detached ear lobes) marries a woman without a widow’s

peak and detached ear lobes (whose father had attached ear lobes). What is the probability

that their first child will:

a.not have a widow’s peak or attached ear lobes?

b.have both a widow’s peak and detached ear lobes?

c.have a widow’s peak and attached ear lobes?

Regulating Metabolism

1. Fatty acids are broken down into ____________________, which occurs in the ____________________________.

2. High concentrations of acetyl-coA indicates _______________ __________________.

3. Pyruvate comes from the breakdown of __________________ and _________________ _________________.

Calculating Relative Risk and Odds Ratios Your final answers should be rounded to one decimal point. Developed depressive Symptoms Did not develop depressive symptoms Total Experienced Bullying 237 1,715 1,952 Did not experience bullying 22 629 651 Total 259 2,344 2,603 1.What is the relative risk of developing depressive symptoms as an adult if that person was bullied as an adolescent in high school? 2.What is the risk (per 1,000 persons) of developing depressive symptoms that is attributable to bullying? 3.What percent of the risk of developing depressive symptoms as an adult is due to being bullied in high school? 4.How much of the incidence (per 1,000 persons) of developing depressive symptoms among the adult population is due to being bullied in high school? 5. What percentage of the depressive symptomology in the adult population is due to being bullied in high school?

Which of the statement is true, there can be more than one answers. Having trouble with these two questions.

1)

A.The tibial tuberosity is found on the VENTRAL (anterior) aspect of the TIBIA bone

B.The linea aspera is found on the VENTRAL (anterior) aspect of the TIBIA bone

C.The intertrochanteric line is found on the VENTRAL (anterior) aspect of the FEMUR bone

D.The lateral condyle is a PROXIMAL process of the TIBIA bone

E.The greater trochanter is found on the DORSAL (posterior) and LATERAL aspect of the FEMUR bone

2)

A) The greater trochanter is a site of muscle attachment

B) The linea aspera is a site of muscle attachment

C) The intercondylar eminence is a site of muscle attachment

D) The lateral condyle is a site of joint formation

E) The intertrochanteric crest is a site of muscle attachment.

What is the ATP net output for aerobic respiration for the following steps:

Glycolysis

Kreb Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

State how many of the following will be produced during glycolysis with two glucose molecules:

Pyruvate

ATP    

NADH