predict the impact of small population size upon population genetics. also, explain the advantages of using large population

1. An isolated population of chimpanzees was discovered on an island. Biochemical studies show that 1 out of 9 chimpanzees in this population are homozygous for a mutation in the gene encoding the enzyme, hexokinase. This mutation completely inactivates the enzyme so that no activity is detected in the blood. A female who exhibits hexokinase activity mates with a male who is a carrier of the hexokinase mutation. What is the probability that their first baby chimpanzee will be homozygous for the hexokinase mutation? Assume that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

2. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive, fully penetrant trait in humans.    A man who is unaffected by cystic fibrosis has two unaffected parents and a sister with cystic fibrosis.  The man plans to marry a healthy woman, who was adopted and has no knowledge about her biological parents except that they are both Caucasian. The frequency of cystic fibrosis in the Caucasian population is 1/2500. Assuming that this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the CF gene, what is the probability that this couple's first child will have cystic fibrosis?

How are developmental homeotic genes important to the process of evolution?

1.Even when the activation energy is lowered, endergonic reactions are not spontaneous. What else can enzymes do that causes endergonic reactions to go forward?

2.It is usually very important for eukaryotic cells to obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. However, no transport proteins for these molecules exist in the membrane. Why?

3.How does the glucose cotransporter force glucose to move up its concentration gradient and into the cell?

Why is it argued that biological races do not exist and that race is, instead, a social construct?  

Given the expression profile of CFTR (tissues in which it is normally expressed) in non-affected individuals and what you know about CFTR function and membrane transport, how would dysfunctional CFTR lead to each of the following common cystic fibrosis symptoms? Use proper terms and include specific information relevant to membrane transport in your explanations.

a.Thickened mucus of the lungs, pancreas, and GI tract

b.Increased bacterial infections of the lungs

c. Poor growth and malnutrition

The authors identify a number of IFNg-stimulated genes in their study. They identify 3 genes they suggest are novel because no one has previously shown that these genes have a role in viral control of (-)RNA viruses. Choose one of these genes, identify its function, and speculate as to how it may control viral replication.

http://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1005263

a) Pick a type of Analytic study and explain it (what is it, how do you set it up, what are you looking for, how is it run), and please give an example or 2....hypothetical's are fine to use. Please provide reference

Tetrodotoxin and lidocaine are both drugs that cause local analgesia or numbness where applied to the skin.  Explain this outcome, with reference to the effects on membrane potentials, ion flux and overall neuronal activity. Would you predict that these drugs could affect other neurons than just those mediating cutaneous sensation? If so, how? If not, why not?

In the human heart, how and why the diastole of 4 chambers occur? *Elaborate diastole of heart*

Could you explain in details cardiac cycle and specifically in the pressure difference between chambers?

A student is a lab isolated DNA from a transgenic mouse, a model used to study heart failure and wanted to perform the following:

1- Amplify DNA
2- Clone the gene of interest
3- Sequence the sequence of the gene that causes heart failure
What does he need to do for each step

You are on a jury in which a potential murderer was identified by a fingerprint, how would you feel about this identification compared to an identification made through DNA? What are the similarities and the differences?

​Why is the RNA genome of poliovirus by itself "infectious" when transfected into a host cell? EXPLAIN thoroughly!

1. "The Black Death serves as a major turning point in the history of European civilization." Discuss this statement in the context of late-medieval economics, social relations, popular religion, and art. (in own words)

​Is the replication strategy of Sindbis virus similar/different from poliovirus? Explain thoroughly!