Question

1. what is a saturated vrs unsatured phospholipid and what does it do
2.What is a alpha linkage and a beta linkage and which one would you find in Glycogen, Starch, and Cellulose?
3.How do cows digest Cellulose?
4.How are bacteria cells different than eukaryotic cells

5.What organelle(s) does the bateria and eukaryotic cells have in common?

6.What are the roles of the Cytoskeleton

7.Are the membranes separate in eucaryotes organelles?
8. How are rough and smooth ER different.

Answer 1

1) Lipids are naturally occurring organic compounds which are insoluble in polar solvents such as water. Their insolubility is due to their long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains. These chains can be saturated or unsaturated. Unsaturated chains contain double or triple covalent bonds between adjacent carbons while saturated chains consist of all single bonds.

Saturated fatty acids originate from animals and exist in the solid state at room temperature. Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double or triple bonds between the carbons of the hydrocarbon chain. The right ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids keeps the membrane fluid at any temperature conducive to life.

2) When a compound with alpha linkage bonds with another compound with alpha confirmation, the linkage is alpha linkage. When a compound with beta confirmation links with another compound with beta confirmation, the linkage is beta linkage. Maltose is an example of alpha linkage while Lactose is an example of beta linkage.

Glycogen - alpha linkage
Starch - alpha linkage
Cellulose - beta linkage

3) When cellulose, in the form of grass, enters a cow's stomach, microorganisms break it down. This is done with the help of enzymes.

4) Eukaryotic cells have nucleus and Eukaryotes can be single or multi-celled. Bacteria is an example of prokaryotes as they do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle.