7.) Type of presentation complex found only on macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells.

A. Antigen

B. Epitope

C. MHC I

D. MHC II

8.) Cells that mass produce and release antibodies.

A. neutrophils

B. plasma cells

C. natural killer cells

D. macrophages

9.) Destruction of immune cells that respond to self.

A. opsonization

B. memory

C. tolerance

D. clonal selection

10.) Which class of vaccine consists of a whole pathogen that is killed or inactivated with heat, chemicals, or radiation?

A. attenuated

B. inactivated

C. subunit

D. toxoid

Dihybirds involve the inheritance of two traits, two pairs of alleles.

In humans, brown eye color (B) is dominant to blue eyes color (b) and dark hair color (D) is dominant to blond hair color (d).

1. What is the genotype of a person heterozygous for both traits?

2. What are the possible genotypes of a blue-eye, dark haired individual?

3. What are the possible genotypes of a blue-eye, dark haired individual?

4. What is the genotype of a blue-eyed blond?

5. For an individual who is heterozygous for both traits, what would be the genotypes for the FOUR possible gametes they can produce?

Construct a Punnett square for two parents who are heterozygous for both traits: BbDd x BbDd to do this, place the possible gametes of each parent on the left side and top side, above column and row, and fill in the boxes with the offspring genotypes.

How does the general model of strand invasion, branch migration, and resolution of the Holliday junction work?

Sample Random Mating Lab Drosophilla

P generation was 2 males and 2 females of dumpy, vesitgal, Black Body, Sepia eyed, Irregular facets, and white eyed.

1) In the F1 generation, the most common phenotype is usually wild type for all traits. Based on allele frequencies, why, even though no true breeding wild type flies were present in the P generation does the F1 generation usually have a majority of wild type?

11) what are the 4 stages of Demographic transition? why are they very important? discuss birth, death, and other factors that affect population size   

1.)

Out of the five main population ecology characteristics, pick three of them and explain how they are relevant to the current Covid-19 crisis.

Identify three biomes with poor soil quality and explain why.

Which of the following three signals are required for the activation of naïve T cells?

a. TCR bound to MHC-Ag complex, costimulation, and granzymes

b. TCR bound to MHC-Ag complex, costimulation, and cytokines

c. NF-kB, NFAT, and PI3-Akt signaling

d. CD40 bound to CD40L, CD80 bound to CD28, and IL-12 production

e. IL-1, IL-6, and TNF

A nurse is reviewing the urinalysis of a patient admitted to the hospital with a urinary tract infection, nausea and vomiting. The following urine and blood results were obtained:

Urine

Urine specific gravity              1.030

Color                                       Dark Amber

Protein                                     2+

Blood trace

Blood

BUN                                       40

Creatinine 1.2

How would you interpret the importance of the urinalysis?

What is the importance of the BUN and creatinine?

Discuss one disease process that could elevate the BUN.

What four organ systems work together in hand with two major nutrients, excluding water, two minerals and two vitamins and demonstrate how they work together, describe how the organ systems you selected use these selected nutrients in a cooperative manner.

Explain why combination therapy (e.g. 3 drug cocktail for HIV infections) can (1) better attack a specific pathogen than a single drug, and (2) greatly suppresses the rate at which pathogens (especially bacteria and viruses) evolve to be resistant.

The redundancy of the genetic code relates to all of the following EXCEPT

the difference in the number of amino acids compared to the number of base pair combinations

the ability to produce multiple transcripts through alternate splicing

protection of important coding sequences against the effect of point mutations

the ability of tRNAs to base pair with multiple codons through wobble base pairing

A human hemoglobin variant occurs in certain populations. The variant hemoglobin is slightly defective in its oxygen carrying function, causing a mild anemia. Normal alpha-hemoglobin has 141 amino acids, while the variant α-polypeptide is 150 amino acids long.

Beginning with the final amino acid coding codon (CGU Arg) the 3' region of the normal α-globin mRNA has the sequence:

5’ ...CGU UAA CCU UCG GUA GCA UGU GAU CCU CAC UAG GCC UCC GGG... 3’

a) Based on this information, explain how the variant α-hemoglobin is likely generated.

b) What is the sequence of the four C terminal amino acids of the variant α-hemoglobin.

1. The following questions are in regard to loss of heterozygosity [LOH].

a) Illustrate the process of LOH making certain to show what happens in the parent and the two daughter cells.

b) Explain why LOH is more likely to result in tumor suppressor gene inactivation in a cell as compared to independent sporadic mutations.

Alex has a single mom who became pregnant when she was 18. The pregnancy was unplanned and Tara never married the father. Tara had to work during the entire pregnancy and was ostracized from her friend group for becoming pregnant during high school. The father also was abusive emotionally and physically until Tara cut off contact with him during her third trimester. She has minimal support from her parents but did graduate high school. She does take some community college courses while working at Lowe’s as a cashier and at a diner on the weekends as a waitress. She wants to improve her life and give her child the best life she can. She visits the library often to check out books for her daughter and herself. While she was pregnant, Tara did not have insurance but did visit the free clinic during her pregnancy. She lives on her own and occasionally her parents will babysit Alex if there is a problem with daycare. Alex usually spends 8-9 hours 5-6 days a week in daycare.

Obstacle/Challenge: Alex's family home has sustained terrible damage from a hurricane. Alex's mother and family are experiencing major trauma from the hurricane that has leveled their house. How does a stressor in utero impact the development of the 3 domains?

You will do some research using the article provided below along with your other course materials. Then write at least 3 paragraphs that explain how the obstacle impacts each developmental domain of the child/person. You need to include both the life scenario you have been assigned to and the obstacle presented.

· at least one paragraph explaining how the obstacle impacts the physical development of Alex in utero

· at least one paragraph explaining how the obstacle impacts the cognitive development of Alex in utero

· at least one paragraph explaining how the obstacle impacts the socio-emotional development of Alex in utero