Use no more than 100 words total to write about the difference between Antitussives and Protussives and the difference between Decongestants and Antihistamines.

what are the benefits of being involved in information technology as a manager?

Describe the approach to calculating the energy need for a patient who is septic, male, 172 lbs, 6 feet tall, and 60 years old of age. He is able to eat orally and is not on a ventilator. He has  lost approximately 10 lbs during the past 2 weeks. He is not sedated and activity is limited to sitting up and using the restroom in the ICU.

1. Design an indirect IF protocol that could be used to detect the presence of antibodies to SARS CoV-2, the virus causing covid-19. Assume that the specificity of the antibodies from patients would be against epitopes on the spike proteins of the virus. Include both a description of the protocol and a diagram showing the steps of your protocol. (Draw the diagram, take a picture of it, and then insert that JPEG image into this word document).

The following three (3) case studies are designed to demonstrate the integration of various principles of managing the care of older adults.

Each case study has two (2) questions attached.
Students are to answer all six (6) questions, remembering to include a critical analysis of the role of the nurse as

relevant to the question.

Answers are expected to be around 250 words for each, to a total of 1500 words.

All answers need to be written as academically structured paragraphs and supported by current, credible research with intext citations.

ase Study 1

You are a RN working in ED, looking after Edith, an 87-year-old with an admitting diagnosis of Acopia. All acute interventions have been completed for Edith, but the wards are full, so she will spend the next 8 hours (+) on an ED trolley in a corridor.

Case Study 1. The implication in this scenario is that a diagnosis of 'acopia' is a diagnosis based on functional abilities and is a form of labelling.

1. What is the impact of a diagnosis based on the labelling of a patient?

Answer this using online learning materials provided and other peer reviewed evidence. Acopia itself is more of a symptom of underlying changes than a diagnosis. 'Acopia' refers to decreased ability to cope/ manage activities of everyday life and is a symptom of increasing frailty. Edith is 87 years of age. Normal ageing process eventually leads to frailty. We studied frail aged in week 8 tutorial (review recording if you have forgotten) and in week 6 online material. Nurses role - Include an analysis of how this labelling impact the care Edith receives. (250 words)

2. How do normal changes of ageing increase the risk of Edith developing a pressure injury in this scenario?

Here you need to consider normal physiological changes that occur as part of ageing to body systems that increase the risk of developing pressure injury. We covered this in week 6 and week 10 online learning and in additional readings. You could easily relate at least 3 systems to this answer. Nurses role - Also analyse the role of the nurse to prevent pressure injury for Edith. Remember the scenario context. (250 words)

Case Study 2

You are a RN working in community care, visiting Amita, a 76-year-old with a chronic and painful venous ulcer on her lower leg. She takes multiple medications for chronic illness, and a codeine-based medication for pain. Amita lives alone in her own home.

3. How would Amita’s chronic pain impact on her ability to maintain a safe environment?

Consider how chronic pain, particularly a leg ulcer may make it difficult for Amita to maintain a safe
environment. Key points - chronic pain, what is a ‘safe’ environment and the impact on Amita’s ability to maintain safe environment given this scenario. Falls is only one concern, but what impacts this risk? Nurses role – analyse the nurse’s role in facilitating Amita to achieve a safe environment and consider facilitators, barriers and what you can do as a nurse. (250 words)

4. Why is Amita, as an older adult, more vulnerable to adverse drug events?

We looked at this in week 7online learning. We also see normal physiological changes that occur as part of ageing to body systems and the impact of socio economic factors, polypharmacy. Consider the immune system, renal system and the digestive system (liver, stomach). Consider how the vulnerability may be related to the issues associated with changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the older person’s body. Nurse role – analyse with respect to Amita being more vulnerable to adverse drug events. (250 words)

Case Study3

You are a RN working on an acute medical ward, looking after Oliver, an 80-year-old with painful cellulitis from hand to shoulder resulting from a small left hand scratch sustained while gardening. He is admitted for 7 days of QID IVABs via a right cubital fossa PIVC. Because of the cellulitis, PIVC and IVAB regime, Oliver’s mobility is limited.

5. Outline the normal changes of ageing on the respiratory system in predisposing Oliver to pneumonia during his hospital admission.

Here you could consider normal physiological changes that occur as part of ageing (Oliver is 80) to the respiratory system and other related systems. Consider functional and anatomical changes that will be evident in 80 year old Oliver. Nurse’s role - analyse how the nurses understanding of changes to the respiratory system impact care they provide for Oliver. (250 words)

6. What are the benefits of increasing the mobility of an older adult during hospitalisation? How should the RN encourage incidental exercise during Oliver’s admission?

This question has 2 parts.
Part 1 is straight forward. There is a lot of literature about the physiological and psychosocial benefits of increasing mobility of the hospitalised patient, but make sure you apply your discussion to Oliver.

Part 2 is also a straight forward question but again you must apply your nursing interventions and rationales to Oliver’s scenario. (part 1 and 2 500words)

What is Physical Education?

Scenario: I am creating a course for inclusion into an established nursing curriculum. I am supposed to describe the program level of the course am proposing. What do they mean by program level? This is a hypothetical community college with a two year nursing program.

Case Scenario: A 16-year-old female presents at the clinic with extreme fatigue and shortness of breath while playing volleyball. She has been in good health until about six months ago. During these six months, she has had several colds and flu events where she was unable to do normal activities. Her mother reports she spends a great deal of time sleeping, sometimes twelve hours, and complains of fatigue when she awakens. She is pale and appears to have little energy. The doctor suspects iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

1. Question: What will the doctor likely do first for this young woman? Support your answer using specific facts, data, examples, and other information drawn from the textbook and at least one other supplemental source.

Case Scenario: A 75-year-old man in long term care. He has been bedbound for longer than six months. His history shows he has cardiac and circulatory problems, exacerbated by his lack of activity.

2. Question: What is the biggest problem someone with these issues faces? Include in your answer specific facts, data, examples, and other information drawn from your textbook and at least one other supplemental source.

How are the costs of care distributed among U.S residents now? Be sure to think about not only costs paid out of pocket but also costs paid through taxes for government-provided care. How would those costs be distributed under a single-payer nation health plan?

How do we ration health care in our present system? What are the financial costs of this rationing? What are the social costs? Please answer up to one page.

What do you think about competitive academic activities, such as spelling bees, focusing on the following questions:

(1) Do spelling bees and other academic competitions encourage or discourage working hard?

(2) What are the effects on self-concept and self-esteem for the few winners and the many losers?

(3) Do these events encourage a mastery orientation, a learned-helpless approach, or both?

(4) What types of comments can teachers make if they want to offer process praise rather than person praise for students’ performance in academic competitions?

(5) Do students think that competitive school activities should be eliminated? Why or why not?

(6) How would you suggest modifying the structure of spelling bees and other competitive academic activities so that they encourage cooperation among children, rather than just competition?

Topic: Why parents shouldn’t refuse vaccine for their children.

1. What is the ethical dilemma?

2. Ethical principles-

•Autonomy:

•Beneficence

•Non-maleficence:

•Justice:

•Fidelity:

•Veracity:

3. conflict in ethical principles

4. possible outcomes:

5. resolving the dilemma:

Design a lunch or that would be suitable for a college student following the DASH diet and providing no more than 650 kcal