Health and fitness

1. background/introduction

2. Etiology

3. Epidemiology

4. Signs and symptoms

5. Treatment modalities

6. Medical, Pharmacological and Nursing management

7. summary/conclusion

Case Study about Carbohydrate -Related Medical Problem (Diabetes Mellitus)
Patient History: RX, a 6-year-old girl in previously good health, has noticed that, in the past
month, she is increasingly thirsty. She gets up several times a night to urinate, and finds herself
gulping down large amount of water. At the dinner table, she seems to be eating twice as much
as she used to, yet she has lost 4 kilograms in the past month. In the past three days, she has
become nauseated, vomiting on three occasions, prompting a visit to her pediatrician.
Laboratory Results:
 Fasting blood glucose level = 445 mg/dl
 blood pH level = 7.23
 Hb A1C = 9.5%
 C-Peptide Test = 0.4 ng/ml
 urine = tested positive for glucose and for acetone / acetoacetate/ beta hydroxybutyric
acid
Based on the given case, answer the following guide questions:
1. What is the relationship between Diabetes and Carbohydrates? How are carbohydrates
contributing to the patient’s diagnosis of high blood glucose level?
2. Compare and contrast the two main types of Carbohydrates. Which among the two types
can cause the biggest jump in your blood sugar and why?3. Diabetes is a metabolic disease that impacts the body’s production and/or utilization of
insulin. In Type 1 diabetes the body fails to produce insulin; whereas in Type 2 diabetes
the body produces insulin (and sometimes excessive amounts of it) but for a variety of
reasons the insulin does not function as it should. Now, give two reasons and explain why
insulin is beneficial especially for diabetic patients.
4. Explain why her blood-glucose level is elevated?
5. Why is her blood pH level decreased?
6. RX has a fruity odor to her breath. Explain why.
7. Explain why RX is urinating so frequently.
8. How is RX's condition like that of starvation? Address the role of glucagon in your
answer.
9. Based on your answer in no. 2, what foods will be highly recommended to the patient?
Explain.
10. Do you believe that you can adjust your diabetes drugs to ‘Cover’ whatever you eat?
Why?

How to educate a patient. on performing Kegel exercises

What do you think the future of health policy will look like in the U.S.?

Discuss what strategies you could implement to create an evidence-based practice culture in your workplace. What steps can you take after leaving school to continue your evidence-based practice learning?

Discuss the chemically impaired nurse/health care professional. Identify behaviors and actions that may signify chemical impairment in an employee or colleague. What risk factors result in an increased risk for chemical addiction in the nursing profession. What are your personal feelings/ experiences regarding the chemically impaired nurse/health care professional. How would your personal feelings affect your ability as a manager to address a chemically impaired employee.

1. How does the electrical current pathway differ between monopolar and bipolar?

2. Why might a patient’s jewelry be hazardous in the OR?

3. What are the safety precautions to be considered with the placement of the patient return electrode?

4. What are the three properties of laser light which are different than normal light?

5. How is distention achieved in minimally invasive procedures and why is it necessary?

6. What types of trocars are used for laparoscopy and what are their advantages?

7. Why are angled rigid endoscope used and in which types of procedures would they be preferred?

8. Which types of human motions or movements are surgical robots able to replicate?

9. What are the reasons for creating hybrid rooms within the operating room suite?

A 42-year-old man presents with an 8-hour history of testicular pain, which is increasing in

severity. He is in acute distress by the time you see him and complains of groin pain. He

notes some urinary frequency and nausea. His physical ex is unremarkable with

normal testicular and scrotal ex and mild left costovertebral angle tenderness.

Urinalysis reveals significant microscopic hematuria.

Questions:

1. Will you treat and/or refer? What follow-up is needed?

2. What education is needed for this patient for the future?

3. Are there any complementary therapies to assist this patient in control of his underlying condition long range? Support with evidence from the literature.

Jason Smith is a 48-year-old man who has been admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of acute inferior myocardial infarction. He says to the nurse, "I can't believe I had a heart attack. Those are for old people! I still feel young, but I guess I have to slow down." The nurse, using reflection, asks Mr. Smith, "Do you feel that you can no longer lead an active life because you have had a heart attack?" The nurse's statement will encourage Mr. Smith to continue sharing thoughts and explain why he believes this to be true. This will allow the nurse to correct any misunderstanding that he has about the recovery process after an MI.

Critical Thinking Questions

Steve john is a 48-year-old man who has been admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of acute inferior myocardial infarction. He says to the nurse, "I can't believe I had a heart attack. Those are for old people! I still feel young, but I guess I have to slow down." The nurse, using reflection, asks Mr. Smith, "Do you feel that you can no longer lead an active life because you have had a heart attack?" The nurse's statement will encourage Mr. Smith to continue sharing thoughts and explain why he believes this to be true. This will allow the nurse to correct any misunderstanding that he has about the recovery process after an MI.

1. What physical attending communication techniques could be used in this interaction, and how might they impact the patient's communication?

2. How might the nurse use acknowledging in this encounter?

3. What impact do you think it would have on this interaction? 3. What other communication techniques could the nurse use, and how might those impact the interaction with Mr. Smith?

2. Changes in law and policy regarding cooperation with other nations, the World Health Organization, and other such international agencies. ((unique answers please))