Question

which type of secondary immune response attacks P. aeruginosa? and why the surface protein of P. aeruginosa is targeted by immune system?

Answer 1

Primary Immune Response is the reaction of the immune system when it contacts an antigen for the first time.Naive B cells and T cells are the responding cells.

The secondary immune response occurs when the second time (3rd, 4th, etc.) the person is exposed to the same antigen. At this point immunological memory has been established and the immune system can start making antibodies immediately.Memory B cells are the responding cells.

Figure: A schematic diagram showing a primary and secondary response, Source: Textbook of Microbiology and Immunology, 2/e, Parija

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an encapsulated Gram-negative bacteria capable of causing a broad range of acute and chronic infections.P. aeruginosa infects the airway, urinary tract, burns, and wounds, and also causes other blood infections.P. aeruginosa is a leading cause of acute nosocomial infections and pneumonias

Innate immune response, primarily through inflammatory mediator production, cellular recruitment, and the following phagocytic clearance by neutrophils and macrophages, is the key to the endogenous control of P. aeruginosa infection. It is able to adhere to solid surfaces and develop an immobilized community or so-called biofilm.

In Gram-negative bacteria, the surface layer consists of an outer membrane (OM) of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides. OM delimits a periplasmic space that includes a peptidoglycan layer. Finally, the lower layer is a phospholipid inner membrane (IM) that is in contact with the cytoplasm. Proteins play fundamental roles in envelope functions and they may localize in a specific envelope layer.  

humoral (B lymphocytes)and cell mediated(T lymphocytes )protect human from infections .B lymphocyte has surface receptors that recognize each type of antigen.After binding it undergoes division and differentiate into plasma cells.These plasma cells secrete immunoglobulins or antibodies.These antibodies circulate in the blood stream and bind to infectious agent.