Question

Insomnia Symptoms Are Associated With Abnormal Endothelial Function.

Faye S. Routledge, PhD, RN; Sandra B. Dunbar, PhD, RN; Melinda Higgins, PhD; Ann E. Rogers, PhD, RN; Christine Feeley, PhD, RN; Octavian Ioachimescu, PhD, MD; Kristina Euwer, MD; Danny Eapen, MD; Arshed Quyyumi, MD

1. Was the study experimental or nonexperimental?

2. Did the researcher use an emergent design?

3. What was the population?

4. What was the sample?

5. Which sentence in the abstract—if any—indicates what the researchers did to measure the independent variable in this study?

6. What, if anything, was the dependent variable in this study?

Answer 1

Q1 Answer:

The study is non experimental study because in this , the researchers are not using any intervention to manipulate the variables but they are observing for abnormal endothelial functions for those who subjectively inform of insomnia.

Q2

The emergent design means the researcher makes reflection of the ongoing decision to what has been already learn by all. It is done base on the previous cohort observational study. It was already found out that insomnia symptoms are associated with abnormal epithelial function. And the researcher found out that insomnia is related to reduce FMD.

Q3

Answer: The population of the study are the adult who are more or equal to 18 years who have no history of non accident related hospitalization in the previous 12 month.

Q4

The sample are the adult (18- 82 years) who have baseline FMD data, no history of sleep apnea or absence of symptoms of sleep apnea.

Q5

Answer: FMD or flow mediated dilator are use to measure the independent variable that is epithelial function.

Q6

Dependent variable in the study is present and it is the insomnia symptoms. Changes in the epithelial function that is dependent variable will leads the change insomnia symptoms.