What are the economic aspects for the tile & brick industry explain briefly

Using a flow chart diagram EXPLAIN in detail the various proformas used for preparation and implementation of development schemes. All the proformas should be in proper sequence and with sufficient details showing purpose and requirements of each proforma. The flow chart diagram can be drawn on a paper or any computer tool can be utilized for this purpose. The diagram should be sufficiently detailed and shouldn't be a copy of already available figures.

1. Define the terms "geodetic height", "geoidal height", and "orthometric height", present the equation that expresses the relationship between the geodetic height and orthometric height, and state which one these heights are measured by GNSS survey method.

2. What are the geocentric coordinates in meters of a station which has a latitude of 44°53′52.1918′′ N, a longitude of 68°40′07.3487′′ W and height of 130.405 m (use the WGS84 ellipsoidal parameters)?

3. The geodetic heights of two stations are 324.685 m and 309.879 m, and their orthometric heights are 356.496 m and 341.707 m, respectively. These stations have model-derived geoid heights of −31.828 and −31.836, respectively. What is the orthometric height of a station with a GNSS measured height of 305.645 m and a model-derived geoid height of −31.802 m?

4. A GNSS survey has a reported error of ±(12mm + 2ppm) at a 95% probability. What is the error for a control baseline with a length of 4 miles at the 95% probability?

write several reasons to point the importance to do lab Testing for materials in structural engineering and point out why their theoretical values cannot be fully trusted before they can be allowed to be used in a project?

The site of a proposed north-south road will cut through the western side of a hill. The proposed cutting is 13 m high with a batter angle of 70 degrees. The site has been drilled by a single diamond drill hole. In the drill hole, 10 m of dolerite overlies 5 m of sandstone. RQD for the dolerite is 80% and RQD for the sandstone is 50%. There was 20 cm of core loss at 5 m and 40 cm of core loss between 9.6 m and 10 m. Core samples were sent off for UCS measurements and came back with UCS for dolerite = 150 MPa and UCS for sandstone = 80 MPa. What further information do you need to consider the stability of the proposed road cutting? Suggest both geophysical and geological techniques that you could use in your assessment and why they would be useful.

1. A 45 MPH design speed roadway with a 2000 ADT has a 6’ shoulder with a 12:1 slope. The shoulder immediately drains into a roadside ditch with 4:1 sideslopes, a bottom width of 4’. The bottom of the ditch is 1.75 feet deeper than the edge of the shoulder. The face of a rock cut is located 7’ from the center line of the ditch, away from the roadway. Is the rock cut located within the clear zone?  

Ex if std no: 1abcde, 161667 (a=6, b=1, c=6, d=6, e=7) In my case std 173009 Q1) Design a concrete mix by using ACI Method of Mix Design having 28-day characteristic mean strength of 2a MPa for a deck of a residential building at Nebraska. Dry weather and gradually warming temperatures may be expected throughout the working week. Fresh concrete composed of a slump of 90 mm and maximum aggregate size of 25 mm. Determine the amount of water reducing admixture to be used for 0.2b % and 0.c5 %. Deck is a flat surface capable of supporting weight, similar to a floor, but typically constructed outdoors, often elevated from the ground, and usually connected to a building. Decks that need piers or footings must have them installed below the frost line. This will keep the piers from heaving up out of the ground from the strength of the freeze. Reinforcing steel will help keep the piers from cracking. The freeze or frost line is the depth to which the soil freezes or has been known to freeze at some point in the past. It is absolutely critical that the foundations of buildings extend below this point in a soil profile. Except for a few arid locations, soils typically contain water and this water expands approximately nine percent in volume when it freezes. The frost line depth is not consistent around the nation because there is such a dramatic difference in climate from state to state. Deck is composed of 2.5 cm reinforcement and there is no need for piers. The material properties are as follows: For Coarse aggregate: SSD bulk specific gravity: 2.75, absorption capacity = 1.5 %, total moisture: 2.5 %, Dry-rodded unit weight: 15de kg/m3. For Fine aggregate: SSD bulk specific gravity: 2.65, absorption capacity = 1.0 %, surface moisture: 3 %, F.M: 2.6. Cement: Type V, Sp.Gravity: 3.23 Probability constant: 1.22 and standard deviation: 2 MPa.

a constant velocity horizontal flow grit channel is discharging unacceptable amounts of
grit into the primary facultative pond of a stabilization pond. In addition the channel overtops regularly with
peak wet weather flow during normal rain storms. An initial investigation confirmed levels of grit present
in the particular wastewater to be within normal loading levels. Furthermore, the provision for grit storage
capacity in the channel is adequate for the operational cleaning-out cycle employed.
According to the authorities, the likely cause of the grit discharge problem is that the channel length is
inadequate for settling out the nominal particle size required.
Assume
1. Average dry weather flow (ADWF) = 5000m3
/day
2. Peak dry weather flow (PDWF) =13000m3
/day
3. Peak wet weather flow (PWWF) = 15600m3
/day
4. For settling out particles greater than or equal to mm with a constant horizontal flow velocity of 0.3m/s, the required
channel length (L) is given by L=15d
5. The existing grit channel has a overall depth of 600mm and length of 6m
6. A parshall flume is situated directly downstream from the grit channel and the flowrate/head )
b. Under the PDWF condition the channel length required for setting out all particles of nominal size
greater than or equal to 0.20 mm.
c. The importance of grit chambers in relation to the secondary treatments.
d. The difference between Biomagnification and Eutrophication.
e. The stages which results in eutrophication.

explain the water footprint impacts on environment, water stress for irrigation and industrial activities in oman

Explain Water footprint application in oman " you may include national water supply and demand; National collection, transfer and treatment of water; and National water and wastewater tariffs"