You’re working with a throwing athlete who's recently had rotator cuff surgery and a total of 12 PT sessions. Your referral pad suggests gradual strengthening and stretching over 3 months. By then the athlete wants to be on a basic strength routine to get back to their pre-season training program. List the ROM exercises, modified strength exercises and routine you’d use for this athlete. Site examples from the literature of at least 2 programs for athletes following a published training format.

What accounts for the difference in appearance between lead 2 and lead AVR on an EKG? Explain the answer in relation to the hexaxial limb lead reference system.

Matching the following term or terms if applicable to pituitary dwarfism:

a.) too much parathyroid hormone
b.) not enough parathyroid hormone
c.) too much thyroid hormone
d.) not enough thyroid hormone
ab) too many glucocorticoids
ac) not enough glucocorticoids
ad) too much hGH during childhood
ae) not enough hGH during childhood
bc) too much hGH during adulthood
bd) not enough hGH during adulthood

Choose a specific sports injury and locate a current (within the past 5 years) scientific or news item which discusses a certain aspect of that injury, such as treatment, prevention strategies, risk factors, trends in injury rates, etc.  Provide a summary of the article as well as your perspective (for example, if you are reviewing an article about a prevention strategy, how practical do you think the strategy in the article would be, compared to other options available.)

Pubmed is an excellent resource for health-related articles. Other options include publications such as the Washington Post, Chicago Tribune, USA Today, etc.

Mr B – an elite Australian Rules Football player presents with patella-femoral pain on the left side. It is aggravated by running and kicking as well as when he does squats as part of his gym program. Outline the biarticular muscles and structures you could assess that may play a role in the cause of his knee pain, stating the muscle length tests you would perform for these muscles and detailing the combination of hip and knee movements that would result in an effective length test and stretching program for him.

A patient goes to the gynecologist's office after finding a lump in her breast. A mammogram is performed and a tumor is found. Prior to the mammogram, the nurse questions the patient about other family members that have been diagnosed with breast cancer. What is the rationale for this question and what is its significance? Descibe the term carcinoma in situ. Explain how grading and staging of tumors is determined. How does staging of tumors affect treatment options? What are the benefits of breast cancer screenings and early detection?

Explain in detail how the movements of the diaphragm and ribs draw air into the lungs during the inhalation phase of the respiratory cycle during quiet breathing. Include in your answer the effects on intrapleural and intrapulmonary pressures and how these effects cause air to move into the lungs.

how is hydrochloric acid made in the stomach?

Describe the “screw home mechanism” and name one muscle and one joint critical to normal functioning of the screw home mechanism. Explain two treatment techniques that you could use to restore a malfunctioning “screw home mechanism.”

Describe how you would differentiate between the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata muscles when testing the strength of these muscles. Describe what you might observe in an individual with grade 2+ gluteus medius weakness on their right side, while standing on their right leg.

A patient presents with foot and ankle pain. Explain the procedure that you would use and the tests you could use to determine a specific articular cause of this pain.

A teenager sustained a C-3 spinal cord injury in a diving accident. The patient is immobile. What are the differences between spinal cord injuries that occur at the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar levels? What are the main complications that are common after spinal cord injuries? List eight effect immobility has on a patient who is paralyzed. Put these in order of priority based on bodily function.

Endocrine System

• Describe the general features of the endocrine system, including how hormones are transported between an endocrine gland and its target organs.
• Describe the action of insulin in lowering blood glucose concentration and the action of glucagon in increasing blood glucose concentration.
• Explain what is meant by the half-life of a hormone.
• Explain the functions of aldosterone, ADH, ACTH, growth hormone, and thyrotropin releasing hormone.
• Explain the endocrine functions of the hypothalamus.
• Describe how lipid-soluble hormones reach their target cell receptors and the type of cellular change they initiate.
• Define up-regulation and down-regulation.
• Compare autocrine and paracrine signaling that occurs through local hormones.
• Explain how the hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary and the general function of each.

Explain the practices of “Zazen” and the “koan” described by Smith. To which Buddhist sect do these belong and what is their purpose?

Q#5

Design an experiment to answer the following question:
Does aspirin keep cut roses fresher longer?
1. What is your hypothesis?
2. What is your experimental group?
3. What is your control group?
4. Discuss how you will perform the experiment. What is your independent variable? What is
your dependent variable?

In your dream, you’re floating on a raft in the middle of the ocean. The sun’s hot, you’re very thirsty, and you’re surrounded by water. You want to take a long, cool drink of seawater, but something you learned in Anatomy & Physiology stops you from drinking and saves your life! Why shouldn’t you drink seawater?

You patient reports pain in their right knee while ascending stairs.

Outline your passive movement examination to differentiate any articular causes of pain