Question

What is the general structure and function of each of the cell structures:

1. Mitochondria

- What high energy molecule(s) is generated from the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the electron transport chain?

- Are these aerobic or anaerobic reactions?

2. Ribosomes

3. Endomembrane system

- Endoplasmic reticulum

- Golgi apparatus --what are the forming and maturing faces?

4. Cytoskeleton

- Microfilaments: actin

- Intermediate filaments

- Thick filaments: Microtubules ( centriole, centrosome, cilia), myosin

5. Nucleus

6. Lysosome

Answer 1

Dear Student,

1) ATP i.e., Adenosine triphosphate are the high energy molecules generated in mitochondria and it mostly occurs through aerobic respiration.

2)Ribosomes are tiny granular structures of the cell. They are used for the synthesis of proteins.

3)Rough endoplasmic reticulum - Have Ribosomes on their surface and used for protein synthesis

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - Ribosomes are absent and used for transportation of large molecules across the cell.

Golgi body function is the modification of proteins and lipids

Forming phase of Golgi apparatus is convex Cis phase

Maturing phase of Golgi apparatus is concave Trans phase.

4) Cytoskeleton contains microfilaments (example muscle cells), microtubules ( in neurons) and intermediate filaments.

Function of cytoskeleton is to support cell structure and helps the movement of organelles in cytosol .

5)Nucleus has double membrane and is the control center of cell and stores DNA with genetic information

6)Lysosomes are small spherical organelles it digests molecules, old organelles, etc.

Hope you are clear..