1- Describe four ways to decrease polymerization shrinkage associated with composite resin?

2. Describe briefly how to restore deep caries cavities (regarding to pulp and materials)?

2) Answer the following :

A) Compare and contrast microvilli, cilia and stereocilia—make a chart of structures (know the details), functions, clinical correlations. Where on a cell and within the body would you find these structures?

B) What are the three major types of cell junctions? Where on the cell would you find them? What happens if they are defective?

C) What receptors and cytoskeletal elements are associated with each cell junction?

D) What is the difference between epithelium and glands? How do exocrine and endocrine glands differ?

10) Answer the following briefly:

a) What are the three types of cartilage and what distinguishes them from one another? Can you identify a histological section of them?

b) Aside from structural support what are other functions of bone?

c) What are two ways to view bone histologically?

4. What are the 2 methods of ossification, their process and how they differ.

d) What does an osteoclast actually do and what are the morphological zones we talked about?

e) How do bones grow in length compared to in width?

Thank you!

Explain the pathophysiology of COVID-19 using any anatomical topics and terms.

If you shine a light into one eye both pupils will constrict. The best explanation for this is ________.

Select one:

a. a small portion of light always enters the other eye

b. This, in fact, does not occur; information from both eyes is always separated.

c. sensory input from the retinas of both eyes converges at the optic chiasm and information from each eye is delivered to both the left and right sides of the brain

d. information from one eye is directly and immediately transferred to the other eye to maintain alignment of the eyes

1. Explain how the balance of fluids in the interstitial space is affected by the coronavirus.

2. How does the coronavirus affect the respiratory system (lungs primarily)? Be specific in this answer by explaining the amount of alveoli depletion.

During static muscle activity, there is a strong compressive effect from skeletal muscle contraction coupled with an absence of rhythmic muscle activity. Describe how this would change arterial pressure (afterload) and venous return (preload) compared with dynamic activity.

Explain how can we differentiate between the mesial and distal in the aspects of the mentioned teeth
1. labial aspect of of maxillary central incisor
2. lingual aspect of of maxillary canine
3. mesial aspect of of maxillary 1st premolar
4. occlusal aspect of of mandibular 2nd premolar
5. occlusal aspect of of maxillary 1st molar
6. occlusal aspect of of mandibular 1st molar

With reference to both the parasympathetic and sympathetic arms, comment on the autonomic nervous system activity changes that allow heart rate to rise from approximately 60 bpm at rest to >150 bpm during strenous exercise.

explain vascular events and mechanisms of acute inflammation in detail

Why do we sweat? Relate your answer to the unique properties of water.
Describe an Exergonic and Endergonic reaction you've observed this week during your everyday activities

PICK one of them what is contaminated water, contaminated food, hunger malnutrition as the focus to talk about the digestive system include
how structures may change (think organ layers, protein shape, fluid losses, etc)
how the altered structures affect the physiology
how cells and tissues may be affected
new exposure to toxins or carcinogens
what else you find that doesn't fall into the four previous bullet points

We stay healthy because our bodies keep everything in balance. Which system that we studied this semester, do you think is the most important in maintaining homeostasis? In your discussion be sure to include the main function of the system, cells and tissues that are involved, and how it maintains homeostasis. You can also include how it helps regulate other systems if you think that is important. To answer this question you can draw a diagram, but please be sure to label your pictures.

You don’t have to. As long you explain clearly

Explain in detail the physiological functions and mechanisms of action of a neurotransmitter (Acetylcholine) and explain how drugs can alter their function.