51) The renal clearance of this byproduct of amino acid catabolism is used as a rough measure the glomerular filtration rate.

uric acid

azotemia

cretine

ammonia

urea

52.) The actions of the kidney include regulation of

blood plasma pH

All of the choices are correct

blood plasma volume

blood plasma electrolyte concentration

blood pressure

53) Which structures are primarily responsible for maintaining the salinity gradient of the renal medulla?

collecting ducts

cortical nephrons

distal convoluted tubules

proximal convoluted tubules

juxtamedullary nephrons

54) The____ is a ball of capillaries that lies between an afferent arteriole and an efferent arteriole.

minor calyx

juxtaglomerular apparatus

glomerulus

renal corpuscle

peritubular capillary

55.) In a healthy kidney,___ should not pass through the glomerlular filtration membrane into the proximal renal tubules.

amino acids

electrolytes

proteins

vitamins

glucose

27.) Tom is in respiratory arrest due to an electrical shock. Why does a Good Samaritan have about 4 to 5 minutes to begin CPR?

there is an reserve of oxygen in Tom's tissues

the ambient PO₂ in the lungs can support life that long

there is a reserve of oxygen in Tom's blood bound to hemoglobin

the Haldane effect lasts up to 5 minutes

Tom's hypoxic drive will keep him alive for up to 5 minutes

28.) The addition of CO₂ to the blood generates ___ ions in the red blood cells, which in turn stimulates them to unload more oxygen.

sodium

hydrogen

potassium

nitrogen

chloride

29.) The conducting zone contains all of the following EXCEPT

the alveoli

the secondary bronchi

the terminal bronchioles.

the larynx.

the primary bronchi.

30.) The blood transports more CO₂ in the form of ___ than in any other form.

bisphosphocarbonate

dissolved CO₂ gas

carbaminohemoglobin

bicarbonate ions

carboxyhemoglobin

31.) Which of the following in not a driver for the unloading of O₂ from oxyhemoglobin?

increased temperature

increased bisphosphoglycerate (BPG); also called diphosphoglycerate (DPG)

increased partial pressue of CO₂

increased acid (lower pH)

increased partial pressure of O₂

Detail the complete reflex pathway involving parasympathetic signalling to the heart. Begin this at the carotid body baroreceptors.

Explain why the M2 subtype of muscarinic ACh receptors is found on the autorhythmic cells of the sinoatrial node and the M3 subtype is found on smooth muscle fibers of the bronchioles.

While you were at the store, you got so distracted by the cookie samples, that you forgot to buy kale and instead bought two jumbo bags of potato chips, which you then went home and ate (since you could not cook dinner because you had no kale). What will be the effect of your snack on your cardiovascular and renal systems and how must they compensate to maintain homeostasis?

What are the four lobes and what nerve impulses are they most associated with?

There are three cranial nerves that serve the muscles of the eye. What are they? Identify each, and describe how they work.

Explain what happens as sound enters the ear and is perceived in the brain. What anatomical features are impacted, and what do they do?

There are three cranial nerves that serve the muscles of the eye. What are they? Identify each, and describe how they work.

What is the cause and most likely hormone profile of Hashimoto disease?

.1. Where are most graded potentials produced in a neuron?

a. In dendrites only

b. In both the dendrites and cell body

c. In axon terminals only

d. In both dendrites and axon terminals

2. During an action potential in a neuron, all voltage-gated sodium ion channels close

a. At the end of phase 1.

b. At the end of phase 2.

c. At the end of phase 3.

d. In the middle of phase 3.

Plz write in your own text and don't copy answers that was answered before since my teacher has (Plagiarism checker) thank you

In 800 APA essay discuss the control of thyroid gland and hyper and hyposecretion from it on the body

or close to 800 words

Which region is NOT part of the extrapyramidal system?

A

orbitofrontal cortex

B

caudate

C

globus pallidus

D

cerebellum

Indicate the functions of the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting ducts and how is the fluid passes through each one.

Like all viral pathogens, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV 2 (I know, how topical), requires a cell surface receptor in order to invade a given host cell. For SARS-CoV 2, this receptor is actually the enzyme Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2, or ACE2. ACE2 is responsible for downregulation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System by deactivation of Angiotensin II. Explain the RAAS in detail, including the roles played by kidneys and the lungs, and then explain what effects using recombinant human ACE2, or rhACE2, to treat acute respiratory distress syndrome could have on blood pressure.

Many of the neurotransmitters are actually synthesized by neurons from vitamins.

True

False