Explain the role of the vasa recta in maintaining the medullary interstitial concentration gradient

Explain in detail how the medullary osmotic gradient is generated and maintained and why the gradient is important for regulating water balance and urine volume

linea terminalis passes throuhg which part of sacrum ??

An individual ingests a substance that acts as an agonist to muscarinic receptors. What effect do you predict it will have on the individual?

Activity 7: • Compare the conduction velocities of the three neurons. Based on what we discussed in class, why did you notice these changes? Activity 8: • When the “Control Ca2+” solution was used, why do you suppose more neurotransmitter was released when going from a low intensity stimulus to a high intensity stimulus? • Why was there no release of neurotransmitters when the “No Ca2+” solution was used? Why did this occur? • How did the amount of neurotransmitters secreted in the “Low Ca2+” compare to the amount secreted in the “Control Ca2+”? Why do you think this occurred? • Why did the “Mg2+” solution affect the amount of neurotransmitters released?

Activity 4: • What was the peak voltage at R1 and R2 when you first stimulated the neuron using 30mV? • What does TTX do to voltage-gated Na+ channels? • What does lidocaine do to voltage-gated Na+ channels? How does the effect of lidocaine differ from the effect of TTX? • Can someone affected by TTX be treated? • Pain-sensitive neurons (called nociceptors) conduct action potentials from the skin or teeth to sites in the brain involved in pain perception. Where should a dentist inject the lidocaine to block pain perception?

1.Describe how the primary germ layers arise and give 2 examples of an organ or tissue that each develops into

2. In addition to the fetus, what other structures must the initial “ball of cells” formed after fertilization develop into? Name two “extraembryonic” structures and explain their role in the pregnancy.

1.List three important things that kidneys do to REGULATE your blood chemistry

2.List two types of molecules or cells that are retained by the glomerulus. Explain why these items are NOT filtered out of the blood.

3.Describe how urea is used in the loop of the nephron to create the countercurrent multiplier system. What other benefit does this have for the body

PBS Medicated child which segments of society benefits from this situation? give me one order example

research hemorrhage, describe the condition, and include at least 30 medical terms and bold them as you discuss signs and symptoms and treatment.  

Please Bold the condition and terms that would be new to most people.

Cite the references if you have used them in the research process. Please do not plagiarize. I will upvote if completed like this!

Can VVG, MSB or PAS stain be used for staining human cerebral tissue? If so, please specify what they would stain for and how would tissue look in each (attach image if possible. Thanks!

1.explain the pathophysiological conditions which necessitate the dialysis machine by patient
2. Explain the challenges involved in the use of the dialysis machine.

Explain how testosterone in young boys (prepuberty) is released and remains at low
circulating levels. Discuss the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary and the testes.

A birth defect called transposition of great vessels results in the pulmonary trunk emanating from the left ventricle and the aorta stemming form the right ventricle. As a result, ____ventricle is thicker-walled.

The hydrostatic pressure gradient drives water_________capillaries, and the colloid osmotic pressure drives water_______capillaries.

The AV node delay (or PR segment in ECG) :

Fernando has blood type A while Maria has blood type O. Their son, Juan, needs blood transfusion due to a medical condition. Which of the following blood type(s) cannot donate blood to Juan?

Note Juan' paternal grandfather has type O blood.